垄作沟播喷灌对农田小气候及油葵光合特性的影响  

Effects of Ridge Planting,and Furrow Sowing and Spray Irrigation on the Farmland Microclimate and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Oil Sunflower

作　　者：丁林[1] 王福霞 吴婕[1] DING Lin;WANG Fu-xia;WU Jie(Gansu Research Institute for Water Conservancy,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000;Gansu Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水利科学研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第2期212-217,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF3NA011);国家自然科学基金项目(51769002);甘肃省水利科研与推广计划项目(202104,202204)。

摘　　要：通过对比试验区内外气象数据及作物生长阶段冠层温度、光合及蒸腾指标,分析垄作沟播喷灌系统农田小气候变化特征,研究不同喷灌处理对光合、蒸腾指标的影响。结果表明,垄作沟播喷灌可以降低作物生育期环境温度,试验区内环境湿度明显高于试验区外。油葵冠层温度随灌水定额的不同有不同程度的变化,垄沟处理对于调节叶面温度、改善作物呼吸状况具有积极作用。垄作沟播喷灌对灌溉水可叠加利用,无论是全天还是各生育期,其光合速率均相对较高,对作物产量形成及光合产物的分配具有积极作用,而T_(3)、T_(4)处理蒸腾速率明显低于对照(CK)。Based on the comparison of meteorological data and canopy temperature,photosynthesis indices,transpiration indices and other indices of crop during the growth period inside and outside the test area,the characteristics of microclimate change in the field in ridge planting,and furrow sowing and spray irrigation system were analyzed.The effects of different spray irrigation treatments on the photosynthetic and transpiration indices were analyzed.The research results showed that ridge planting,and furrow sowing and spray irrigation could reduce the environmental temperature during the growth period of crop,and the environmental humidity inside the test area was significantly higher than that outside the test area.The canopy temperature of oil sunflower varied with the irrigation quota.The ridge planting and furrow sowing treatment had positive effects on regulating leaf temperature and improving the crop respiration.The irrigation water could be superposed and used in the ridge planting,and furrow sowing and spray irrigation system.The photosynthetic rate was relatively high in the whole day and all growth stages.The ridge planting,and furrow sowing and spray irrigation had a positive effect on the formation of crop yield and distribution of photosynthetic products.The transpiration rate in T_(3)、T_(4) treatments was obviously lower than that of the control(CK).

关 键 词：垄作沟播 喷灌 农田小气候 光合特性 油葵 

分 类 号：S275.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]