河南省学龄前儿童卫生服务需求与利用现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the demand and utilization of health services for preschool children in Henan Province and the influencing factors

作　　者：付晓丽[1] 王晶 范军星 陈雪娇 时松和[3] 陈迪 易凯婷 刘淼 徐小青 史芳[4] 符多多 FU Xiaoli;WANG Jing;FAN Junxing;CHEN Xuejiao;SHI Songhe;CHEN Di;YI Kaiting;LIU Miao;XU Xiaoqing;SHI Fang;FU Duoduo(Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Statistical Information Center,Health Commission of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046;Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Medical Insurance Office,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理教研室,郑州450001 [2]河南省卫生健康委员会统计信息中心,郑州450046 [3]郑州大学公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学教研室,郑州450001 [4]郑州大学第一附属医院医保办公室,郑州450052

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2023年第1期98-103,共6页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：河南省教育厅重点项目(32211426);河南省部共建项目(SB201901028)。

摘　　要：目的:了解河南省学龄前儿童卫生服务需求与利用现状,分析其影响因素。方法:从第六次全国卫生服务调查河南省数据中提取2 295名<6岁儿童的人口学、家庭状况、监护人及预防保健信息,提取卫生服务需求指标(两周患病率)和卫生服务利用指标(两周就诊率、一年内住院率)数据,采用Logistic回归分析学龄前儿童卫生服务需求和利用的影响因素。结果:河南省学龄前儿童的两周患病率为23.3%,两周就诊率为20.3%,一年内住院率为8.1%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,居住地为城市的儿童两周患病、两周就诊及一年内住院风险均低于农村儿童,OR(95%CI)为0.626(0.510~0.768)、0.547(0.428~0.699)和0.656(0.477~0.903);最近医疗机构距家距离>2 km的儿童两周患病风险、一年内住院风险大于<1 km者,OR(95%CI)为1.790(1.208~2.654)、2.079(1.209~3.577);男生一年内住院风险高于女生,OR(95%CI)为1.476(1.079~2.018);3、4、5岁年龄组一年内住院风险低于1岁以下年龄组,OR(95%CI)为0.581(0.347~0.973)、0.234(0.123~0.446)、0.213(0.112~0.405)。结论:性别、年龄、居住地城乡性质、最近医疗机构距家距离是河南省学龄前儿童卫生服务需求和利用的主要影响因素。Aim:To understand the demand and utilization of health services for preschool children in Henan Province and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:The demographic, family status, guardian and preventive health information of 2 295 children(<6 years old) were extracted from the data of the sixth National Health Service Survey in Henan Province, and the data of health service demand index(two-week prevalence rate) and health service utilization index(two-week consultation rate and one-year hospitalization rate) were extracted.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of preschool children′s demand and utilization of health services.Results:In Henan Province, two-week prevalence rate was 23.3%,two-week consultation rate was 20.3%,and one-year hospitalization rate was 8.1% for preschool children.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that two-week prevalence risk, two-week consultation risk and one-year hospitalization risk of urban children were lower than those of rural children, OR(95%CI) were 0.626(0.510-0.768),0.547(0.428-0.699),and 0.656(0.477-0.903).For children whose nearest medical institution was more than 2 km away from home, the risk of two-week prevalence and one-year hospitalization were greater than those <1 km, OR(95%CI) were 1.790(1.208-2.654) and 2.079(1.209-3.577).Male students had a higher risk of one-year hospitalization than female students, OR(95%CI) were 1.476(1.079-2.018).The risk of one-year hospitalization in 3,4 and 5 years old group were lower than that in <1 year old group, OR(95%CI) were 0.581(0.347-0.973),0.234(0.123-0.446) and 0.213(0.112-0.405).Conclusion:Gender, age, urban or rural residence, and the distance between the nearest medical institution and home are the main factors affecting the demand and utilization of health services for preschool children in Henan Province.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 卫生服务 河南省 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]