溶胶-水热法制备TiO_(2)及其晶型结构的调控  

Preparation of TiO_(2) by Sol-Hydrothermal Method and Regulation of Crystal Structure

作　　者：游兰 郑汶江 邹伟 YOU Lan;ZHENG Wenjiang;ZOU Wei(School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Zigong 643000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学化学工程学院,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期9-18,共10页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52003182);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2020YFG005);钒钛资源综合利用四川省重点实验室项目(2018FTSZ17,2018FTSZ190)。

摘　　要：二氧化钛(TiO_(2))的光催化活性与其晶型结构密切相关。然而在制备过程中,TiO_(2)各种晶型结构的比例难以控制。为此,通过溶胶-水热法制备TiO_(2),以乙二醇与钛酸四正丁酯形成配合物,并引入可生成水的化学反应来控制前驱体的水解。通过改变乙醇、浓H2SO4的用量以及反应温度和反应时间等影响因素,研究其对TiO_(2)晶型结构、形貌和光催化性能的影响。溶剂乙醇的用量和反应温度主要影响TiO_(2)的晶型结构及锐钛矿和金红石的比例。当乙醇用量为2.63 mL,反应温度180℃时,制备的TiO_(2)中锐钛矿与金红石的含量比为3∶2,对罗丹明B(RhB)的降解效果最佳。浓H2SO4的用量和反应时间则主要影响TiO_(2)的形貌,浓H2SO4用量为0.15 mL,反应时间为20 h时,所得TiO_(2)为表面粗糙的球体,有利于增强其对RhB的吸附和催化效果。The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) are closely related with its crystal structure. However, the controllable preparation of TiO_(2)with designed crystal structure is still a big challenge.Therefore, TiO_(2)has been prepared by sol-hydrothermal method, and ethylene glycol and tetra-n-butyl titanate have been used to form a complex, and a chemical reaction that can generate water has been introduced to control the hydrolysis of the precursor. The effects of ethanol, concentrated H2SO4, reaction temperature and time on the crystal structure, morphology and photocatalytic properties of TiO_(2)are studied. It has been found that the amount of ethanol solvent and reaction temperature mainly affect the crystal structure of TiO_(2)and the ratio of anatase and rutile. When the content ratio of anatase to rutile of TiO_(2)particles is 3∶2, it shows best photocatalytic performance for RhB, which is prepared by using 2.63 mL ethanol at 180 ℃. The results show that the amount of concentrated H2SO4and reaction time mainly affect the morphology of TiO_(2). When it is prepared by using 0.15 mL concentrated H2SO4with reaction time of 20 h, the obtained TiO_(2)shows a spherical shape with rough surface,which is conducive to enhancing its adsorption and catalytic effects for RhB.

关 键 词：溶胶-水热法 二氧化钛 锐钛矿 金红石 晶型结构 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] O614.41[理学—化学]