冀北—辽西地区中—新元古界古油藏的油气来源及成藏特征  

Hydrocarbon Sources and Accumulation Characteristics of Meso- Neoproterozoic Reservoirs in Jibei-Liaoxi Area, China

作　　者：张剑锋[1] 肖洪 李美俊[1,2] 王延山[3] 黄双泉[3] 徐建斌[3] 陈喜玲[3] ZHANG Jian-feng;XIAO Hong;LI Mei-jun;WANG Yan-shan;HUANG Shuang-quan;XU Jian-bin;CHEN Xi-ling(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,Liaohe Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Panjin 124010,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249 [3]中国石油辽河油田分公司勘探开发研究院,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2023年第1期42-53,共12页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42202134);中国石油辽河油田分公司委托项目(LHYT-KTKFYJY-2018-JS-9798)。

摘　　要：在全球诸多盆地发现的中—新元古界原生油气苗和商业性油气聚集,展示了这些古老沉积地层具有良好的勘探潜力和前景。基于冀北—辽西地区烃源岩与储层沥青中三环萜烷、四环萜烷、重排藿烷、13α(正烷基)-三环萜烷和甾烷等分子标志化合物对比研究,明确了双洞背斜铁岭组和兴隆1井雾迷山组沥青分别源自洪水庄组和高于庄组烃源岩;而韩1井骆驼岭组上、下段储层沥青表现出不同的烃类来源,分别源自高于庄组和洪水庄组烃源岩。冀北—辽西地区古老地层至少发生了3期油气充注,对应3类古油藏:第Ⅰ类古油藏源自高于庄组烃源岩,其成藏时间早,经历了长期深埋和次生改造,油藏的保存条件较差;第Ⅱ类古油藏为早期油藏破坏调整而形成的次生油藏,其成藏规模受到了较大制约;第Ⅲ类古油藏源自洪水庄组烃源岩,成藏时间晚,遭受构造破坏弱,有相对较好的成藏和保存条件,是研究区古老油气勘探的潜在目标。The discovery of Meso-Neoproterozoic primary bitumen seepages and commercial hydrocarbon accumulations in many basins around the world shows the good exploration potential and prospects of ultra-ancient oil and gas resources. Correlation of molecular markers including regular tricyclic terpanes, tetracyclic terpanes, rearranged hopanes, 13α(n-alkyl)-tricyclic terpanes and regular steranes in determined source rocks and reservoir bitumens in Jibei-Liaoxi area were analyzed. The results show that the reservoir bitumens in Tieling Formation of Shuangdong anticline and Wumishan Formation of well XL-1 originate from source rocks of Hongshuizhuang and Gaoyuzhuang Formations, respectively;the bitumen in the upper and lower members of Luotuoling Formation in well H-1 shows different hydrocarbon sources, which originate from source rocks of Gaoyuzhuang and Hongshuizhuang Formations, respectively. Three oil charging periods occur in the ultra-ancient reservoirs in the study area, which corresponds to the formation of three types of paleo-reservoirs. Type Ⅰ paleo-reservoir mainly originates from source rock of Gaoyuzhuang Formation in the early stage(1 500-1 300 Ma), which has experienced long-term deep burial and secondary effects, resulting in poor preservation conditions;type Ⅱ paleo-reservoir is secondary reservoir formed by hydrocarbon adjustment after the type Ⅰ paleo-reservoir destroyed, resulting in a limited accumulation scale;type Ⅲ paleo-reservoir mainly originates from source rock of Hongshuizhuang Formation in the late stage(240-230 Ma), which has relative few opportunity of structure destruction. Therefore, type Ⅲ paleo-reservoir has better accumulation and preservation conditions, and is considered as the principal target of ultra-ancient petroleum exploration in the study area.

关 键 词：古油藏 油源对比 中—新元古界 烃源岩 分子标志化合物 洪水庄组 冀北—辽西地区 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]