百年变局下涉外法治中“涉外”的法理解读  

Jurisprudence Explanation of “Foreign-related” in Phrase of “Foreign-related Rule of Law” under Great Changes Rarely Seen in a Century

作　　者：马忠法[1] Ma Zhongfa(Law School of Fudan University,Shanghai 200438)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院,上海200438

出　　处：《政法论丛》2023年第1期97-109,共13页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建人类命运共同体国际法治创新研究”(18ZDA153);国家社会科学基金重点项目“‘人类命运共同体’国际法理论与实践研究”(18AFX025)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“涉外”通常指“具有外国因素的现象或行为”,过去主要指涉及外国因素的民商事活动且重点指“引进来”,即外国民商事主体在华投资或进行其他民商事活动等。涉外法治中的“涉外”不仅指上述含义,还包括“走出去”的中国企业或公民在他国或地区进行民商事活动所涉及的国外因素;此外,在民商事活动外,它还涉及有关公法活动如参与国际规则谈判及反恐、反腐败中的合作以及为相关国家提供法律服务等内容,即一般意义上的对外关系法之内容。涉外法治概念的提出及其“涉外”含义的扩充主要是应对百年变局下某些霸权国家过度扩张其国内法的域外效力、滥用“长臂管辖”以及采取单边制裁等而进行的法治斗争,后者对他国主权带来伤害,对国际法治造成阻碍和扭曲。作为负责任的大国,以“涉外法治”这一嫁接国内法治和国际法治的桥梁,既能维护本国国家、企业和公民正当合法权益,又能匡扶国际正义,为国际法治的推进和完善做出积极贡献。因此,准确解读“涉外法治”中“涉外”意义十分重大。The term “foreign-related”usually refers to“phenomena or behaviors with foreign factors”.Traditionally,it mainly refers to civil and commercial activities involving foreign factors,which on most occasions means foreign investment,technology or equipment “being introduced or imported into”,that is,the subjects involving in investment,transactions or other civil and commercial activities in China are that one party is a Chinese enterprise or a citizen and the other party is a foreigner or that both parties are foreign ones.“Foreign-related” in the “Foreign-related Rule of Law” not only refers to the above meaning,but also includes the foreign factors involved in the civil and commercial activities of “going global” Chinese enterprises or citizens in other countries or regions.In addition,it involves not only private activities such as investment and civil and commercial affairs,but also relevant public legal activities,such as participation in international rule negotiation and cooperation in anti-terrorism and anti-corruption activities,as well as the provision of legal services to relevant countries,that is,the content of foreign relations law in the general sense.The proposal of the concept of “Foreign-related Rule of Law” and the expansion of the meaning of “Foreign-related” are mainly to deal with the rule of law struggle carried out by some hegemonic countries to excessively expand the extraterritorial effectiveness of their domestic laws,abuse the “long arm jurisdiction” and adopt unilateral sanctions under the once-in-a-century situation,which has brought great harm to the sovereignty of other countries and hindered and distorted the international rule of law.China,as a responsible big power,adopting the “Foreign-related rule of law”,a bridge grafted on the domestic rule of law and the international rule of law,will not only safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of its country,enterprises and citizens,but also uphold international justice and make positive con

关 键 词：百年变局 涉外 涉外法治 法律的域外效力 长臂管辖 构建人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：DF961[政治法律—国际法学]