内辐射带质子和电子被动屏蔽  

Passive shielding against proton and electron in the inner radiation belt

作　　者：蔡毓龙 崔帅[1] 刘洋[1] 张冬冬 陆宇历 张勇 CAI Yulong;CUI Shuai;LIU Yang;ZHANG Dongdong;LU Yuli;ZHANG Yong(Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites,Innocation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海微小卫星工程中心中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201203

出　　处：《核技术》2023年第2期61-67,共7页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：快速扶持项目(No.80924010202);中国科学院国防科技创新重点部署项目(No.KGFZD-135-20-03)资助。

摘　　要：高能量/高通量的质子和电子环境对穿越地球内辐射带的椭圆轨道卫星造成超高剂量的累积辐射效应。代替传统单质铝屏蔽防护措施,提出一种用于屏蔽空间质子和电子的复合材料屏蔽结构。采用多层屏蔽程序(Multi-Layered Shielding Simulation Software,MULASSIS)对穿越内辐射带的卫星轨道质子和电子与4种屏蔽材料(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、钽、铝)相互作用进行仿真计算,比较分析屏蔽后的总剂量、位移剂量随4种屏蔽材料面密度变化规律。结果表明:相同面密度下4种不同材料轨道粒子综合屏蔽效能从大到小分别是:聚丙烯、聚乙烯、铝、钽,其中聚丙烯和聚乙烯对质子和电子的屏蔽效果几乎相同。综合考虑4种材料的质子和电子屏蔽效果及机械性能,设计采用聚乙烯/铝复合屏蔽结构。为保障穿越内辐射带的卫星在轨可靠运行,要求总剂量和位移剂量屏蔽防护目标分别为:50 krad(Si)、2×10^(10)p·cm^(-2)(等效10 MeV质子)。仿真验证结果表明,实现上述卫星抗辐射防护指标条件下,聚乙烯/铝复合结构比单质铝结构节省了至少约27.8%屏蔽质量。[Background] Elliptical orbiting satellites passing through the inner radiation belt are exposed to highenergy and high-flux protons and electrons. Therefore, electronic devices of satellites need to resist ultra-high cumulative radiation doses. [Purpose] This study aims to propose a composite material structure for shielding space protons and electrons, instead of the traditional aluminum structure. [Methods] The interaction of elliptical orbital protons and electrons with four shielding materials(polyethylene/polypropylene, tantalum and aluminum) was simulated by the MULASSIS(Multi-Layered Shielding Simulation Software). The radiation particle energy spectrum calculated by SPENVIS software was used as the input of MULASSIS particle energy spectrum. The changes of total dose and displacement dose after shielding with areal density of the four shielding materials were compared and analyzed. Finally, the most suitable composite shielding structure was selected by considering the proton and electron shielding effects and mechanical properties of the four materials. [Results] The results show that under same areal density, the order of the shield effectiveness from large to small, of four different materials on orbital proton and electron is polypropylene, polyethylene, aluminum and tantalum, among which polypropylene and polyethylene have almost the same shielding effect. The polyethylene-aluminum composite shielding structure is selected for construction design. The shielding targets of total dose and displacement dose to ensure the reliable operation of elliptical satellites are 50 krad(Si) and 2×10^(10)p·cm^(-2)(equivalent to 10 MeV protons) respectively. [Conclusions]Compared with the single aluminum shield, at least 27.8% shielding mass is saved by using the polyethylenealuminum composite protective structure in the above ratio.

关 键 词：质子 电子 聚合物 辐射防护 

分 类 号：V45[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]