生活污水尾水回用对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮和土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of domestic sewage tail water reuse on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents and soil enzyme activities in paddy fields

作　　者：马如龙 段婧婧[2] 于建光[2] 薛利红[2] 索全义 杨林章[2] MA Rulong;DUAN Jingjing;YU Jianguang;XUE Lihong;SUO Quanyi;YANG Linzhang(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010018,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室,农业生态安全与绿色发展自治区高等学校重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,南京210014

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第1期216-226,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201503-03,2021YFD1700803-03)。

摘　　要：为探讨农村生活污水尾水回用对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响,通过田间试验,以池塘水灌溉下不施肥和常规施肥为对照,探讨尾水耦合氮肥施加方式对稻田土壤微生物量碳氮、土壤酶(脲酶、磷酸酶、硝酸还原酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶)活性以及土壤养分等的影响。结果表明,2019年和2021年收获期尾水仅施蘖肥、尾水常规施肥、尾水减氮施肥土壤微生物量碳较常规施肥处理分别增加了28.75%~34.75%和14.43%~23.63%,土壤微生物量氮分别增加了7.10%~16.04%和15.9%~46.88%。尾水灌溉处理脲酶活性两年间分别增加了34.92%~51.61%和0.98%~2.94%,有机质分别增加了1.11%~11.10%和6.38%~11.40%,年际间比较发现无论池塘水灌溉还是尾水灌溉土壤有机质含量均有上升趋势,而尾水灌溉处理土壤有机质增幅更大。综上所述,尾水灌溉提高了稻田土壤有机质、微生物量碳氮的含量和脲酶活性,说明尾水回用在一定程度上会增加土壤肥力,具有一定的土壤改良作用,但长期回用下的环境安全性还需要通过进一步试验确定。Field experiments were conducted to explore the changes in the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents and enzyme activities in paddy field soil after the reuse of rural domestic sewage tail water. The effects of combined applications of tail water and nitrogen fertilizer on the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen contents, soil enzyme(urease, phosphatase, nitrate reductase, catalase,and sucrase)activities, and soil nutrients in paddy fields were investigated, with no fertilization and conventional fertilization under pond water irrigation used as the control. The results showed that the application of tillering fertilizer, conventional fertilization, or nitrogen reduction fertilization under tail water reclamation increased the soil microbial biomass carbon content by 28.75%-34.75% and 14.43%-23.63%, and the nitrogen content by 7.10%-16.04% and 15.9%-46.88%, in 2019 and 2021, respectively, relative to the contents in the soil. During these two years, the urease activity increased by 34.92%-51.61% and 0.98%-2.94%, respectively, and the organic matter by 1.11%-11.10% and 6.38%-11.40%, respectively, under tail water irrigation treatment. Although the organic matter content in the waterirrigated soils generally presented an upward trend, the increase was greater in soils irrigated with tail water. In summary, the contents of soil organic matter and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and the urease activity in the paddy fields were increased by tail water irrigation, indicating that the reuse of tail water could increase soil fertility to a certain extent and plays a role in soil improvement.However, the environmental safety of the long-term reuse of tail water in the paddy field needs to be determined with further experiments.

关 键 词：生活污水尾水 灌溉 土壤微生物量碳 土壤微生物量氮 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S154[农业科学—土壤学]