大熊猫国家公园佛坪管理分局秦岭羚牛种群数量及其空间分布特征  

Population Size and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Golden Takins in Foping Administration Branch of Giant Panda National Park

作　　者：丁海华 刘红彩 DING Hai-hua;LIU Hong-cai(Foping Administration Branch of Giant Panda National Park,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723400)

机构地区：[1]大熊猫国家公园佛坪管理分局,陕西佛坪723400

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第6期58-63,共6页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：秦岭羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi)是秦岭体型最大的食草动物,也是区域森林生态系统的关键物种之一,及时掌握其种群动态对生物多样性保护具有重要意义。大熊猫国家公园佛坪管理分局是秦岭羚牛主要分布区之一,近十年来尚未开展过资源调查。2021年冬季采用路线法对佛坪管理分局秦岭羚牛种群数量、分布及栖息地状况进行了调查。结果表明,佛坪管理分局秦岭羚牛的种群数量为(396±53)只,主要分布在1 500~2 000 m海拔区间;平均样线痕迹遇见率为每千米0.53处,痕迹遇见率较高的样线主要分布在西河黄桶粱、草坪及龙潭区域;凉风垭管护站痕迹遇见率最高(每千米0.96处),大古坪管护站痕迹遇见率最低(每千米0.33处);秦岭羚牛主要活动在温性针阔叶混交林,其次为落叶阔叶林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林,与大熊猫同域分布,种群数量较大,越冬地段树皮被羚牛啃食现象日益严重,给大熊猫栖息地保护管理造成一定压力。建议加强秦岭羚牛保护生态学研究,为该区域濒危物种及生物多样性精准保护提供科学依据。The golden takin(Budorcas Taxicolor bedfordi) as one of the key species in the Qinling forest ecosystem is the largest herbivore in the Qinling Mountains. It is of great significance for regional biodiversity conservation to master its population dynamics in time. Foping Administration Branch of Giant Panda National Park is one of the main distribution areas of golden takins. However, in the past ten years, no investigation has been carried out on the resources of takins, and the current situation of the population resources of takins in the area is unclear, which makes it difficult to implement precise policies in the protection and management work. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to carry out a special investigation to find out the population status of golden takins. In the winter of 2021, the population size, spatial distribution, and habitat status of golden takins in Foping Administration Branch were investigated using the line transect method. The results showed that the population size of Qinling takins in Foping Management Branch was 396 ± 53, mainly distributed in the areas ranging from 1500 m to 2000m in altitude. The average track counts of golden takins were 0.53 points/km, and the sample lines with high track counts were mainly distributed in the Huangtongliang, Caoping and Longtan. Among them, Liangfengya Management Station has the highest track counts(0.96 places/km), while Daguping Management Station has the lowest track counts(0.33 places/km). Golden takins mainly live in temperate coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, followed by deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest. With a large population, the phenomenon of bark being nipped by takins in wintering areas has become increasingly serious, resulting in a certain pressure on panda habitat protection and management. It is suggested to strengthen the research on conservation ecology of the golden takin, so as to provide scientific basis for precise conservation of this species as well as region

关 键 词：秦岭羚牛 种群数量 空间分布 痕迹遇见率 佛坪自然保护区 

分 类 号：S718.65[农业科学—林学]