液态/准固态界面抑制锂硫电池中多硫化物在高极性电解质中的穿梭  

Inhibition of polysulfide shuttling in high-polarity electrolytes via liquid/quasi-solid interface in lithium-sulfur batteries

作　　者：郭志杰 宋晓胜 王晓兵 王晨晓 安旭慧 刘肖 吴文豪 卞腾飞 赵勇 Zhijie Guo;Xiaosheng Song;Xiaobing Wang;Chenxiao Wang;Xuhui An;Xiao Liu;Wenhao Wu;Tengfei Bian;Yong Zhao(Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education,National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2023年第2期505-512,共8页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773055,51702086,and 22005085)。

摘　　要：“穿梭效应”是锂硫电池基础研发和实际应用中最主要的挑战之一,特别是在富含多硫化物的高极性电解质中.本文展示了一项抑制穿梭效应的概念性研究,通过构建一个由高极性准固态电解质和弱极性液体电解质组成的液态/准固态两相界面来解决该问题.弱极性电解质对多硫化物具有不溶解性,并且与锂金属具有良好的相容性,使锂对称电池的循环稳定性显著提升1400小时以上.此外,富含多硫化物的液态/准固态电解质的锂硫电池可实现超过300次的循环,表明液态/准固态电解质能有效抑制电解质组分与金属锂的副反应.液态/准固态两相电解质的概念为高极性溶剂在能源转换器件中的应用提供了一种新的可能性.The shuttle effect is one of the most notable challenges in the fundamental research and practical use of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,especially within high-polarity electrolytes containing enriched polysulfides.Herein,we demonstrate a proof-of-concept study showing that the issue can be resolved by constructing a liquid-state/quasi-solid-state(LS/QSS)two-phase interface that is composed of a high-polarity QSS electrolyte and a weak-polarity LS one.The weakpolarity electrolyte shows negligible solubility to polysulfides and good compatibility to Li metal,resulting in the substantially improved cyclic stability of the Li anode for more than 1400 h in Li|Li symmetrical cells.Moreover,over 300 cycles were achieved in the Li-S battery with the polysulfideenriched LS/QSS electrolyte.This finding indicates that the LS/QSS electrolyte can effectively suppress the chemical reaction between electrolyte components and lithium metal.The concept of LS/QSS two-phase electrolyte provides a new strategy for the application of high-polarity solvents in energy conversion/storage devices.

关 键 词：锂硫电池 液体电解质 准固态电解质 穿梭效应 多硫化物 高极性 弱极性 极性溶剂 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]