华北平原典型区不同砂层井灌中水位水量变化差异特征——以滹沱河冲洪积扇藁城段为例  

Differentiation Characteristics of Groundwater Level and Its Quantity Changes in the Process of Well Recharging in Different Sand Layers in Typical Area of the North China Plain:A Case Study of Hutuo River Alluvial-pluvial Fan in Gaocheng

作　　者：刘鹏飞[1,2,3] 刘少玉 周晓妮[1,3] 王哲 张光辉[1,3] 崔尚进 LIU Peng-fei;LIU Shao-yu;ZHOU Xiao-ni;WANG Zhe;ZHANG Guang-hui;CUI Shang-jin(Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,CAGS,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]自然资源部地下水科学院与工程重点实验室,石家庄050061

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第2期502-508,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：河北省青年科学基金(D2021504040);中国地质调查局基本科研业务费(SK202201,SK202215);海河流域等重点地区水文地质与水资源调查评价项目(DD20221752)。

摘　　要：井灌作为地下水超采区治理中应用的一种重要回灌方式,具有占地面积小回灌效率高的优势,但不同砂层中回灌水入渗特征不同。基于华北平原典型区砂层特征,通过研发井灌仿真扇体砂箱模型,开展粗中细3种砂层中不同定水位、定流量条件下的室内井灌实验,综合对比分析井灌过程中水量与水位的时空变化数据。结果表明:定水位稳定井灌条件下,沿水流方向粗中细砂介质中的水位均呈降低趋势,粗砂中降幅最小,细砂中最大;粗中细砂介质中的水位降低过程均可分为快速和慢速两段,分界点距井壁越来越近。定流量井灌条件下,随井内水位增长,粗中砂介质中回灌流量呈二次方增长,细砂介质中呈线性增长,粗砂中回灌流量大小对水位变化的响应最明显。井灌过程包含井周边储水、向远处扩散然后趋于稳定的过程,粗中砂介质中储水和扩散过程较快,达到稳定回灌用时约600 s;细砂介质中储水和扩散过程较慢,达到稳定回灌用时约9500 s。研究对开展地下水人工回灌工程选址、回灌砂层优选及回灌井布局优化具有一定的指导意义。Well recharging is an important recharge mode using for controlling groundwater overdraft.And it has advantages of covering a small area and high recharge efficiency.However,water infiltration characteristics in different layer sands are various.Based on the sand characteristics in typical area of the North China Plain,using the developing fan sand box model of emulational well recharging,laboratory experiments were carried out under conditions of different constant water levels and quantities of flow in coarse,medium and fine sands.The data of temporal and spatial variation of groundwater level and its quantity were comprehensively analysed and compared.The results show as follows.The groundwater level decreases along the water flow direction in coarse,medium and fine sands under conditions of different constant water levels.The reducing scale in coarse sand is the biggest and the smallest in fine sand.The process of water level decreasing can divide into speediness and low speed stages in the three kinds of sands.Distances from well wall to demarcation points of two stages in coarse,medium and fine sands are smaller and smaller.When water level in recharging well increases,the quantity of water recharge appears quadratic growth in medium and fine sands,which appears linear growth in fine sand.The flow rate changes most obviously when water level changes in coarse sand.Well recharging processes include three stages:storing water around well,diffusing out into the distance and stabilization.The time of stages of storing water around well and diffusing out into the distance in coarse and medium sands is short and reaching stability of water level spent 600 s.The time of them is long in fine sand and reaching stability of water level spent 9500 s.The study has a certain degree of guiding significance for selection of artificial recharging site,optimization of recharging sands and layout of recharging wells.

关 键 词：华北平原 井灌 不同砂层 水位水量 差异特征 指示意义 

分 类 号：P641.25[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]