bp公司低碳发展历程与碳中和路径分析  

bp’s low-carbon development process and path towards carbon neutrality

作　　者：熊靓 闫伟[1] 郜峰[1] 彭云[1] 王曦[1] XIONG Liang;YAN Wei;GAO Feng;PENG Yun;WANG Xi(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2022年第10期48-56,共9页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：bp公司的低碳发展历程划分为知晓气候变化、联合防御、转型重塑和走向碳中和四个阶段,每个阶段所采取应对措施及战略调整均受到来自全球气候治理动向、国家和政府政策以及利润等因素的影响。bp助力碳中和的主要措施包括优化资产组合、减少甲烷排放、重启光伏发电、扩张风电、发展生物质能、扩张便利移动出行业务以及拓展氢能与碳捕集与封存业务,取得了明显成效,温室气体排放、碳排放强度、甲烷排放强度、空燃量等指标都呈明显下降趋势,同时新能源业务快速发展,形成了以海上风电,太阳能和生物质能为主的新能源版图,但也面临着平衡低碳新能源业务规模与收益的挑战。中国石油公司应为实现碳中和目标设置完善的路线图;在拓展海外项目时将碳减排成本考虑到投资决策中;新能源业务可以通过收购的方式快速进入市场。Low-carbon development process of bp is divided into such four periods as being aware of climate change,carrying out joint defense,transforming and reshaping,and moving towards carbon neutrality.Every stage’s measure and strategic adjustment was affected by global climate governance trend,country and government policies,and profits.Measures taken by bp to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality are summarized as optimizing asset portfolio,reducing methane emissions,restarting photovoltaic power generation,and expanding wind power,developing biomass energy,expanding mobility business,and enhancing hydrogen energy and CCS.It had shown positive results from the above efforts.Meanwhile,such indicators as greenhouse gas emissions,carbon emission intensity,methane emission intensity,and air fuel volume all show a significant downward trend.At the same time,its new energy business develops rapidly,forming a new energy map dominated by offshore wind power,solar power,and biomass energy,but it also faces the challenge of balancing the scale and revenue of low-carbon new energy business.China’s oil companies should also set up road maps for achieving the goal towards carbon neutrality.In the future,carbon costs should be integrated into investment decisions when expanding overseas projects and new energy business can quickly access the market through acquisition.

关 键 词：低碳发展 能源转型 碳中和措施 石油公司 BP 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]