20世纪50~60年代美国新闻处的“香港—澳门项目”探究  

Research on USIA "Hong Kong-Macao" Project in 1950s-1960s

作　　者：刘磊[1] 潘瑜 Liu Lei;Pan Yu

机构地区：[1]西北大学历史学院

出　　处：《港澳研究》2022年第4期77-93,96,共18页Hong Kong and Macao Journal

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金西部项目“美国在香港的隐蔽行动研究(1949—1972)”(批准号:21XSS003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪50年代,美国新闻处利用香港地区的优势条件发起了面向港澳民众的“香港—澳门项目”。在50年代末60年代初,该项目经历了从“疾风骤雨”式的反共宣传到“润物无声”式的扬美宣传的变化过程。转型后的“港澳项目”在宣传主题上侧重“扬美”,在宣传策略上注重利用“慢媒介”进行文化渗透,在目标群体上着眼于“代表未来”的舆论引导者。该宣传模式不仅奠定了美国新闻处之后对港澳民众宣传的基调与特征,也被运用于美国对其它亚洲“橱窗”的打造之中。作为巩固所谓“自由香港地区”这一东亚宣传阵地的基础性项目,美国通过该项目争夺香港地区媒体资源,将香港地区打造成了服务于其他项目的“反共材料生产堡垒”;美国新闻处利用该项目培育香港地区的传媒优势,并深刻影响了香港地区的文化舆论环境。In the 1950s, the US Information Agency(USIA) launched the Hong Kong-Macao Project among the people of Hong Kong and Macao by taking advantage of the conditions of Hong Kong.Between the end of 1950s and the beginning of 1960s, the project shifted from the drastic anticommunist propaganda to omnipresent but non-aggressive glorification of the US. After the change, the Hong Kong-Macao Project is themed on promoting the US, strategically makes a point of using “slow media” for cultural infiltration, and purposely targets those who represent the future and who guide the public opinion. Setting the tone and characteristics of the USIA’s follow-up propaganda among the people of Hong Kong and Macao, this propaganda model is used by the US to create other Asian“showcases”. The Hong Kong-Macao Project is a basic project to consolidate the so-called free Hong Kong, a propaganda front in East Asia;through the project the US scrambles for Hong Kong’s media resources, and makes Hong Kong into a base of anti-communist material production serving other projects. In result the USIA has fostered Hong Kong’s media strengths and exerted profound impact upon Hong Kong’s cultural and public opinion environment via the project.

关 键 词：美国新闻处 “香港—澳门项目” 冷战宣传 文化渗透 

分 类 号：G219.19[文化科学—新闻学]