常规天然气藏均衡开发理论与关键核心技术  

Theory and technology of balanced development of conventional gas reservoirs

作　　者：何东博[1,2] 贾爱林 位云生[1,2] 郭建林 闫海军[1,2] 孟德伟 刘华勋[1,2] 刘群明 HE Dongbo;JIA Ailin;WEI Yunsheng;GUO Jianlin;YAN Haijun;MENG Dewei;LIU Huaxun;LIU Qunming(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;National Key Laboratory for Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]提高油气采收率全国重点实验室

出　　处：《天然气工业》2023年第1期76-85,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司“十四五”科技专项“致密气勘探开发技术研究”(编号:2021DJ2104);“复杂天然气田开发关键技术研究”(编号:2021DJ1704);中国石油油气和新能源分公司科技项目“水驱碎屑岩气藏剩余气分布规律与提高采收率方法研究”(编号:2022KT0904)。

摘　　要：常规天然气藏(含致密气藏)是天然气产量的主力军和“压舱石”。为了推动我国气田开发水平的整体提升,基于气藏开发实践认识,剖析了常规天然气藏开发面临的非均衡动用与非均匀水侵两个核心问题,提出了常规气均衡开发理论,建立了天然气采收率数学评价模型,并依据模型关键参数确定了气藏均衡开发关键核心技术。研究结果表明:①气藏均衡开发理论内涵是通过打开压降通道或控制气水关系,降低气藏废弃压力,实现地层能量利用效率和采收率最大化;②气藏压降波及系数、压力衰竭效率、水侵波及系数及宏观水驱气效率是影响天然气采收率的4个关键参数,4个关键参数的乘积与叠加组合影响相应水侵与非水侵气藏的采收率;③气藏均衡开发基本原理包括储量均衡动用和气藏均衡压降2个方面,储量均衡动用核心技术包括开发单元精细划分、井型井网优化、储层改造与地面增压,气藏均衡压降核心技术包括水侵优势通道刻画、生产制度优化、水侵动态预警与综合治水等;(4)常规天然气藏开发始终要围绕提高4个关键参数开展工作,进而实现气藏的均衡开发,实现气藏开发效益最大化。结论认为,均衡开发理论的提出和实践有效支撑了鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格致密砂岩气藏和四川盆地安岳气田龙王庙组气藏的高效开发,该理论与技术对推动我国常规天然气藏提高采收率以及保障国家能源安全具有重要作用。Conventional gas reservoirs(including tight gas reservoirs) provide the main part of China’s gas production. To promote the overall improvement of the gas field development level in China, this paper analyzes the core problems of unbalanced production and uneven water invasion in conventional gas development based on development practice. The theory of balanced development is proposed and its connotation and basic principles are defined. A universal mathematical model for gas recovery evaluation is established. Based on the key parameters of the model, the core technologies for balanced development are defined and applied. The results are obtained as follows. First, the theoretical connotation of balanced development of gas reservoirs is to reduce the abandoned pressure of gas reservoirs by opening the pressure drawdown channel or controlling gas-water contact and to maximize the formation energy utilization efficiency and the gas recovery. Second, the pressure drawdown sweep efficiency, pressure depletion efficiency, water invasion sweep efficiency and macro water drive efficiency of gas reservoirs are the key parameters affecting gas recovery. The gas recovery under water invasion and non-water invasion is calculated by product and superposition of these parameters. Third, the basic principle of balanced development of gas reservoirs includes reserve balanced production and balanced pressure drawdown. Reserve balanced production is realized through the core technologies including fine division of development units, optimization of well types and well patterns, reservoir stimulation and surface pressurization. Balanced pressure drawdown is realized through the core technologies including characterization of water invasion superior channels, optimization of production systems, dynamic early warning of water invasion and comprehensive water control. Fourth, balanced development of conventional gas reservoirs is achieved by optimizing the above four key parameters. It is concluded that the theory of balanced deve

关 键 词：常规天然气藏 均衡开发理论 储量均衡动用 气藏均衡压降 弹性能量 采收率 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]