五节芒的营养特征及其在山羊瘤胃的降解特性分析  

Nutritional Characteristics of Miscanthus floridulus and Its Degradation Characteristics in the Rumen of Goats

作　　者：池春梅[1] 李亚飞 薛帅帅 雷松波[1] 钟鲁龙[1] 刘浩宇 甘乾福[2] CHI Chun-mei;LI Ya-fei;XUE Shuai-shuai;LEI Song-bo;ZHONG Lu-long;LIU Hao-yu;GAN Qian-fu(Ningde Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Ningde,Fujian 355017,China;College of Animal Science(College of Bee Science),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德市农业科学研究所,福建宁德355017 [2]福建农林大学动物科学学院(蜂学学院),福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2022年第12期60-65,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划引导性项目(2019N0069);福建农林大学乡村振兴服务团队——草食动物产业服务团队(11899170150);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2020057A)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同时期(萌芽期、拔节期和抽穗期)五节芒营养成分,并研究拔节期五节芒在山羊瘤胃内的降解特性。试验选用5头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的闽东山羊,测定五节芒在其瘤胃内不同时间点(4、8、16、24、36、48、72 h)的降解率,并计算降解参数及有效降解率。结果表明:不同时期五节芒茎、叶的CP、NDF和ADF含量存在较大的差异,其中拔节期五节芒具有生物量大,营养品质较优的特点,适用于山羊养殖。拔节期五节芒DM、CP、NDF和ADF在山羊瘤胃中降解率随时间的变化依次递增,72 h时达到最大,降解率分别为42.94%、59.31%、44.15%和39.65%,有效降解率分别为30.03%、40.74%、29.80%和27.41%,其中CP 72 h降解率和有效降解率(ED)均显著高于DM、NDF和ADF(P<0.05)。综上所述,拔节期五节芒具有较高的营养价值以及瘤胃降解特性,是一种具有开发潜力的非常规粗饲料。In order to explore the nutritional components of Miscanthus floridulus at different periods(germination period, elongation stage and head sprouting period) and to study the degradation characteristics of Miscanthus floridulus at the period of elongation in the rumen of goats, five Mindong goats fitted with the permanent ruminal fistula were selected to determine the degradation rate of Miscanthus floridulus at different time points(4, 8, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72 h) in the rumen, and the degradation parameters and effective degradation rate were also calculated. The results showed that: the contents of CP, NDF and ADF in the stems and leaves of Miscanthus floridulus in different periods were quite different. Among them, Miscanthus floridulus at the period of elongation had the characteristics of high biomass and better nutritional quality, which was suitable for the goat farming. The degradation rates of DM, CP, NDF and ADF in Miscanthus floridulus at the period of elongation increased in the rumen of goats with the time variation, and reached the maximum at 72 h, with the degradation rates of 42.94%, 59.31%, 44.15% and 39.65%, respectively, and the effective degradation rates of 30.03%, 40.74%, 29.80% and 27.41%, respectively. The 72 h degradation rate and the effective degradation rate(ED) of CP were significantly higher than those of DM, NDF and ADF(P<0.05). In summary, Miscanthus floridulus at the period of elongation had higher nutritional value and ruminal degradation characteristic, and was an unconventional roughage forage with development potential.

关 键 词：五节芒 拔节期 闽东山羊 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S578[农业科学—作物学]