马尾松种子园无性系结实规律及辅助授粉研究  

Study on clone fruit-bearing rhythm and auxiliary pollination of Pinus massoniana seed orchard

作　　者：赵海坤[1] 夏政 徐清乾[2] ZHAO Haikun;XIA Zheng;XU Qingqian(Anhua Forestry Science Institute,Anhua 413513,Hunan,China;Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]安化县林业科学研究所,湖南安化413513 [2]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2023年第1期96-100,共5页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省林业科技计划项目(XKL201405)。

摘　　要：连续3年对安化县马尾松种子园64个建园无性系球果鲜重及出籽率进行测定,结果表明:不同无性系间差异极显著;评选出桂阳48、桂阳44、桂阳28等16个高产稳产无性系,年产球果鲜重5.14 kg·株-1,是其他48个较低产无性系的2.5倍;通过择伐种子园内低产无性系,补植该批无性系容器嫁接苗,实现了种子园无性系更新;同时开展了不同方法的人工辅助授粉试验,总结出采用喷粉机喷施多无性系混合花粉加滑石粉的配套技术,种子产量及发芽率相比对照增益分别达25.5%和6.4%。For 3 consecutive years, the cone fresh weight and seed yield of 64 clones of Pinus massoniana seed orchard in Anhua County were measured. The results showed that there were significant differences among different clones. Sixteen clones with high and stable yield were selected, such as Guiyang 48, Guiyang 44, and Guiyang 28. The annual cone fresh weight was 5.14 kg·plant-1, which was 2.5 times of the other 48 clones with lower yield. Through selective cutting of low-yield clones in the seed orchard, replanting this batch clonal container grafted seedlings, so as to realize clone regeneration in the seed orchard. At the same time, different methods of artificial pollination experiments were carried out, and the matching technology of spraying multi-clone mixed pollen with talcum powder by powder sprayer was summarized. Compared with the control, the seed yield and germination rate was increased by 25.5% and 6.4%, respectively.

关 键 词：马尾松 种子园 无性系 结实规律 辅助授粉 

分 类 号：S722.8[农业科学—林木遗传育种]