深海潜水器观察窗玻璃损伤缺陷研究  

Research on Damage and Defects of Deep-Sea Submersible Acrylic Windows

作　　者：郑梦瑶 姜旭胤[2] 吴国庆[2] 张晓雯 丁尧 颜悦 ZHENG Mengyao;JIANG Xuyin;WU Guoqing;ZHANG Xiaowen;DING Yao;YAN Yue(Beijing Engineering Reach Center of Advanced Structural Transparencies for the Modern Traffic System,Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院北京市先进运载系统结构透明件工程技术研究中心,北京100095 [2]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶工程》2022年第11期8-13,30,共7页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0300600,2019YFC0311600)。

摘　　要：作为载人潜水器唯一的非金属承压部件,观察窗玻璃的结构强度和可靠性直接影响载人潜水器的安全性。经模拟极限服役工况的静水外压试验后,观察窗玻璃的锥面出现了视觉可见的缺陷,研究这些缺陷对指导观察窗玻璃的安全使用及评价其可靠性具有重要意义。利用光学显微镜对这些缺陷进行了表征及测量,并按照其特征,对潜水器观察窗的缺陷进行了定义和分类;同时,利用有限元对观察窗玻璃受力情况进行分析,给出了静水外压试验过程中观察窗玻璃的应力、应变以及位移分布,结合缺陷特征,初步阐释了缺陷出现的机理及这几类缺陷之间的联系。As the only non-metallic pressure bearing part in the deep-sea submersible, acrylic window′s structural strength and reliability have a direct impact on submersible′s safety. After carrying out the hydrostatic external pressure test through simulating the ultimate service condition, there are visual defects on the conical surface of the observation window. The research on these damages and defects is of great significance to guide the safe use of the observation window glass and evaluate its reliability. These defects are characterized and measured by optical microscope, and according to their characteristics, the defects of submersible observation window were defined and classified. At the same time, the stress, strain and displacement distribution of observation window glass during the hydrostatic external pressure test are given by finite element analysis.Combing with the defects characteristic, the formation mechanism of the defects and the relationship between these three kinds of defects are preliminarily explained.

关 键 词：潜水器观察窗 有机玻璃 损伤缺陷 银纹 裂纹扩展 

分 类 号：U674.941[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]