早期导引术与气、脉的关系探析  

The relationship between early Dao Yin,Qi and meridian theory

作　　者：杨舒婷 顾漫[1] Yang Shuting;Gu Man(Institute for History of Medicine and Medical Literature,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中国医史文献所,北京100700

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2022年第6期335-342,共8页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00411);中国中医科学院自主选题项目(ZZ150514)。

摘　　要：对《导引图》《引书》的导引行气方法进行了归纳和整理, 并将其与《去谷食气》的食气法对比, 可以看到引入气论思想的早期导引术被赋予的崭新意义及其对于人体健康的重要性, 也能够从中考察古人的气论身体观是如何形成的。再根据《导引图》《引书》疗病导引术式和《脉书》11条经脉及其所主病候的联系, 发现导引术是以经脉为理论基础来治疗疾病的。古人制定导引的操练方法, 很可能也参照了经脉循行的路线。导引与气、脉的关系, 很大程度上反映出古人对于人体的认识是以"气""脉"为核心。气、脉理论在当时属于普遍流行的思想观念, 是指导砭、灸和导引等不同的医疗技术以维护健康、治疗疾病的共通理论基础。This paper introduced and summarized the ways and skills of promoting the circulation of air in the human body(Dao Yin Xing Qi)in Dao Yin Tu and Yin Shu and compared them with the way of breathing in Qu Gu Shi Qi.It was found that early Dao Yin drew on breathing thinking(Qi theory)and was meaningful for human health and helpful in examining how Qi theory was shaped and developed.It was also found that Dao Yin treated diseases based on meridian theories because Dao Yin for disease treatment in Dao Yin Tu and Yin Shu was related with the eleven meridians and their main symptoms in Mai Shu.The methods of practicing Dao Yin were likely to take references from the transmission routes of human meridians.The relationship between Dao Yin,Qi and meridians indicated that Qi and meridians were taken as the focus for people to understand the human body.Qi and meridians theories,widely accepted in ancient times,were taken as theoretical guidelines by stone needle,moxibustion and Dao Yin to maintain health and diseasetreatment.

关 键 词：导引术 《导引图》 《引书》 气论 经脉 

分 类 号：R247.4[医药卫生—中医临床基础]