有机无机配施对甜菜幼苗生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effect of Organic - inorganic Application on the Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Sugar Beet Seedlings

作　　者：楚尊超 李枚蔚 宋柏权[1] 高中超 王中业 黄文功 王艳[1] 阿不都卡地尔·库尔班 CHU Zun-chao;LI Mei-yu;SONG Bai-quan;GAO Zhong-chao;WANG Zhong-ye;HUANG Wen-gong;WANG Yan;ABDUKADIER Kurban(College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University/National Center for Sugar Crops Improvement,Harbin 150080;Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Protection and Utilization,Harbin 150086;Crop Development Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shuangyashan,Heilongjiang 15581l;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Safety and Quality Institute of Agricultural Products,Harbin150086;Institute of Cash Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院/国家糖料改良中心,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江省农垦科学院农作物开发研究所,黑龙江双鸭山155811 [4]黑龙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全研究所,哈尔滨150086 [5]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国甜菜糖业》2022年第4期1-6,共6页China Beet & Sugar

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业(糖料)产业技术体系“甜菜养分管理与土壤肥料岗位专项”(CARS-170204)。

摘　　要：我国甜菜生产中普遍存在化肥施用过量和不平衡现象,研究有机无机配施对甜菜生长的影响,为甜菜化肥减量施肥提供科学依据具有重要意义。试验于2021年在哈尔滨市呼兰区进行,共设置常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥-20%氮肥+20%有机肥(OF1)、常规施肥-40%氮肥-40%有机肥(OF2)、常规施肥-20%氮肥+40%有机肥(OF3)四个处理,对甜菜幼苗生长参数、光合性能及微量元素吸收进行分析。结果表明,与常规施肥处理相比,OF1、OF2和OF3处理均提高了甜菜苗期农艺性状、叶片SPAD值和光合色素含量,增加了鲜重及干物质积累量,促进了钙、镁等养分吸收。综合分析表明,有机无机配施处理OF1、OF3对甜菜苗期生长促进效果最佳,考虑有机肥成本和施用操作,推荐生产中选用OF1施肥方式。Excessive and unbalanced application of chemical fertilizers in sugar beet production is common in China,and it is important to study the effect of organic-inorganic application on sugar beet growth to provide scientific basis for the reduction of chemical fertilizer application in sugar beet.The experiment was conducted in 2021 in Hulan District,Harbin City,with four treatments of conventional fertilization(CK),conventional fertili-zation-N_(2)0%+20% organic fertilization(OF1),conventional fertilization-N_(4)0%+40% organic fertilization(OF2),and conventional fertilization-N_(2)0%+40% organic fertilization(OF3)to analyze the growth parame-ters,photosynthetic performance and trace element uptake of sugar beet seedlings.The results showed that OF1,OF2 and OF3 treatments improved agronomic traits,leaf SPAD and photosynthetic pigment content,increased fresh weight and dry matter accumulation,and promoted nutrient uptake of calcium and magnesium in sugar beet seedlings compared with conventional fertilization treatments.The comprehensive analysis showed that the organic-inorganic combination application treatment OF3 had the best effect on sugar beet seedling growth promotion,and considering the cost of organic fertilizer and application operation,OF1 fertilization was recommended for production.

关 键 词：甜菜 化肥 有机肥 光合性能 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]