饲草自交不亲和性与近交衰退  

Self-incompatibility and Inbreeding Depression of Forage Crops

作　　者：赵洪 宋丽珍[2] 张玉娥[1] 程佑发[2] 薛勇彪[1] Hong Zhao;Lizhen Song;Yu'e Zhang;Youfa Cheng;Yongbiao Xue(Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100101,China;institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《植物学报》2022年第6期742-755,共14页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(No.XDA26030302)。

摘　　要：显花植物自交不亲和性(self-incompatibility,SI)是一种广泛分布的种内生殖障碍,在防止植物近交衰退并促进其异交中发挥重要作用。然而,该性状也严重限制了自交制种与杂交育种进程,而包含绝大多数饲草种类的豆科、菊科与禾本科植物自交不亲和的分子机制尚不明确,因此饲草自交不亲和性成为制约我国乃至世界饲草产业发展的主要原因之一。现有研究已经揭示五类自交不亲和性的分子机制,并对其生化与演化机制有了比较深入的了解,为解析豆科、菊科与禾本科饲草自交不亲和性的分子机制奠定了基础。该文简要综述五类自交不亲和机制,以及豆科、菊科与禾本科饲草自交不亲和性及其近交衰退的研究进展。Self-incompatibility(SI) is an intraspecific reproductive barrier widely occurring in flowering plants to prevent inbreeding depression by promoting outcrossing. However, this trait severely restricts the production of homozygous lines in hybrid breeding, especially for the forage crops mostly belonging to Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Poaceae with unclear molecular mechanisms of SI. Therefore, SI has become one of the major barriers limiting the development of forage industry in China and even in the world. So far, large progresses have been made in the biochemical and evolutionary mechanisms of five different SI types, providing a good foundation for further exploring the SI mechanisms of Fabaceae,Asteraceae and Poaceae forage crops. Here, we briefly review the mechanisms of the five reported SI types and the research progress of SI and inbreeding depression in Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Poaceae.

关 键 词：自交不亲和性 饲草 近交衰退 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]