网络视域下窃取数字货币行为的法教义学解读  

Legal Doctrinal Interpretation of Stealing Digital Currency from the Perspective of Network

作　　者：冯明昱 章诚豪 Feng Mingyu;Zhang Chenghao

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]南京大学法学院

出　　处：《理论界》2022年第11期56-62,共7页Theory Horizon

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“数字经济的刑事安全风险防范体系建构研究”(项目编号:21&ZD209)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字经济时代的到来,使得数字货币逐步取代传统纸质货币。相较于传统纸质货币而言,数字货币被窃取的风险性更大,这对我国刑事治理体系提出了兼顾系统安全的同时建立完善的风险防控体系的要求。目前,对于窃取数字货币的行为应当从刑事法层面予以规制已获得基本共识。但不论是学理层面还是实践层面都对数字货币窃取行为的定性问题存在分歧,究其根本,在于目前我国尚未就数字货币的法律属性达成一致。这不仅反映了新兴技术对现有刑法制度体系的冲击,也表明了我国刑法理论准备尚不充分。因此,对数字货币加以类型化分析从而厘清其法益属性是在刑事法层面建立数字货币完善保护体系的首要之义。在此基础之上,当从法教义学层面展开具体分析,解构刑法第264条盗窃罪、第285条非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪,进而探讨窃取数字货币的行为应当如何定性。为进一步完善数字货币的法律保护体系,实现对窃取数字货币行为的精准打击提供法理基础。With the advent of the digital economy era, digital currency has gradually replaced the traditional paper currency. Compared with traditional paper currency, digital currency is more risky to be stolen, which requires China’s criminal governance system to give consideration to system security and establish a perfect risk prevention and control system. At present, there is a basic consensus that the theft of digital currency should be regulated from the criminal law level. However, there are differences on the nature of digital currency theft in both theoretical and practical levels. The root of this is that China has not yet reached an agreement on the legal attributes of digital currency. This not only reflects the impact of emerging technologies on the existing criminal law system, but also shows that China’s criminal law theory is not fully prepared. Therefore, it is the primary meaning to establish a perfect protection system of digital currency at the level of criminal law to make a typological analysis of digital currency and clarify its legal interest attribute. On this basis, specific analysis should be carried out from the perspective of legal doctrine to deconstruct the crime of theft in Article 264and the crime of illegal access to computer information system data in Article 285 of the Criminal Law, and then discuss how to determine the nature of the act of stealing digital currency. It provides a legal basis for further improving the legal protection system of digital currency and achieving a precise attack on the theft of digital currency.

关 键 词：数字货币 法益属性 财产犯罪 非法获取计算机信息系统数据 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]