土壤有效磷含量对滇中3种常见草本植物燃烧性的影响  

Effects of Soil Available Phosphorus Content on The Combustibility of Three Common Herbaceous Plants in Central Yunnan

作　　者：白磊 李国辉 许行健 李眉慧 李世友 BAI Lei;LI Guo-hui;XU Xing-Jian;LI Mei-hui;LI Shi-you(Fire Research Institute,College of Civil Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;East China Inventory and Planning Institute of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310019,P.R.China;Yunnan Nature Centre of Forestry,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学土木工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [3]国家林业和草原局华东调查规划院,浙江杭州310019 [4]云南森林自然中心,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2023年第1期122-129,181,共9页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260180)。

摘　　要：为探究土壤有效磷含量对草本植物燃烧性的影响,以牛尾蒿、蔗茅、白羊草3种滇中常见草本植物为研究对象。于森林防火期,在滇中地区安宁、澄江、东川等10个县(市、区)29个采样点,共采集到108份草本植物地上部分样品和对应植物根部土壤样品,测定可燃物粗脂肪含量、热值、灰分含量及土壤有效磷含量。利用综合指数法计算3种草本植物燃烧性综合指数,分析土壤有效磷含量对3种可燃物理化性质和燃烧性的影响。结果显示:(1)随着土壤有效磷含量的增加,牛尾蒿、蔗茅粗脂肪含量增加的样品批次以及白羊草热值增加的样品批次均超过50%。(2)磷矿分布区草本植物的燃烧性整体高于非磷矿分布区。(3)在一定范围内,土壤有效磷含量影响草本植物理化性质,提升草本植物燃烧性,牛尾蒿、蔗茅和白羊草3种草本植物的燃烧性分别在土壤有效磷含量为71.67、84.00、37.50 mg/kg时达到最大。该变化趋势可以解释滇中地区历史森林火灾多发、不均匀分布的特点。在此基础上提出了加强滇中地区森林草本植物管理、降低森林火险的建议。To explore the effect of the soil effective phosphorus content on the combustness of herbs,three common herbs in Yunnan species:Artemisia dubia,Saccharum rufipilum and Bothriochloa ischaemum were studied.During the forest fire prevention period,108 aboveground samples and soil samples of corresponding plants were collected in 29 sampling sites in 10 counties,including Anning,Chengjiang,Dongchuan and Dongchuan.The crude fat content,calorific value,ash content and effective phosphorus content of combustible materials were determined.The combustion composite index of three herbs was calculated by using the composite index method.The influence of soil effective phosphorus content on the physicochemical properties and combustion properties of three combustible materials was analyzed.The results show that:(1)With the increase of effective phosphorus content in the soil,the sample batchwith the increased crude fat content of A.dubia,S.rufipilum and the increased calorific value of B.ischaemum are more than 50%;(2)The overall combustness of herbs in phosphate distribution area is higher than that in non-phosphate distribution area;(3)Within a certain range,the effective phosphorus content of soil affects the physical and chemical properties of herbs and improves the combustion capacity of herbs.The combustion capacity of A.dubia,S.rufipilum and B.ischaemum reaches the maximum effective phosphorus content of 71.67 mg/kg,84.00 mg/kg and 37.50 mg/kg respectively.This change trend can explain the characteristics of frequent and uneven distribution of historical forest fires in central Yunnan province.On this basis,the suggestions of strengthening forest herb management and reducing forest fire risk in central Yunnan are put forward.

关 键 词：土壤有效磷 草本植物 燃烧性 滇中地区 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]