土壤-植物体系中施硒方式影响作物吸收转运镉的研究进展  

Research Progress on Effects of Selenium Application on Cadmium Uptake and Transport by Crops in Soil Plant System

作　　者：张秀锦 柴冠群 刘桂华[2] 张容慧 黄承玲 范成五[2] ZHANG Xiu-jin;CHAI Guan-qun;LIU Gui-hua(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering of Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第1期10-12,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑2018〔2338〕);贵州省土壤肥料研究所成果培育项目(TFS-JY-001)。

摘　　要：镉是一种毒性较强的重金属,镉污染具有隐蔽性、长期性和不可逆性等特点。硒是人体不可缺少的微量元素之一,利用硒与镉在植物体内的拮抗作用,在土壤或植物中施外源硒可以降低作物的重金属镉含量,并提高作物中硒含量。前人研究表明不同的施硒方式影响植物中镉吸收转运的效果,总结了土壤施硒和叶面施硒2种施硒方式下对不同农作物镉吸收和转运的影响,发现以果实或叶片作为食用对象的作物,可以用叶面喷施外源硒的方式降低镉在食用部位的累积,而土壤施加外源硒可降低植物根部对土壤中镉的吸收及镉在植物体内转运至可食用部位的含量,同时转运至可食用部位的硒含量增加,以期为今后更加深入研究施硒对镉污染土壤安全利用提供参考依据,对镉污染土壤中实现农产品安全生产具有重要意义。Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal.Cadmium pollution has the characteristics of concealment,long-term and irreversibility.Selenium is one of the indispensable trace elements for human body.Using the antagonistic effect of selenium and cadmium in plants,the application of exogenous selenium in soil or plants can reduce the content of heavy metal cadmium in crops and increase the content of selenium in crops.Previous studies have shown that different selenium application methods affect the effect of cadmium absorption and transport in plants.This paper summarizes the effects of soil selenium application and leaf selenium application on cadmium absorption and transport in different crops.It is found that for crops with fruits or leaves as edible objects,foliar spraying of exogenous selenium can reduce the accumulation of cadmium in edible parts,the application of exogenous selenium in soil decreased the absorption of cadmium by plant roots and the content of cadmium transported to edible parts in plants,and the content of selenium transported to edible parts increased at the same time.It is expected to provide a reference basis for further study on the safe utilization of selenium on cadmium contaminated soil in the future,and is of great significance to realize the safe production of agricultural products in cadmium contaminated soil.

关 键 词：硒 镉 拮抗作用 土壤施硒 叶面施硒 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]