(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)和Na_(2)SO_(4)混合溶液中(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)结晶动力学及铁/铝/锰/铬等离子对(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)结晶的影响规律  

Crystallization kinetics of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) in mixed solution of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) and Na_(2)SO_(4) and the influence of Fe/Al/Mn/Cr ions on crystallization

作　　者：范嘉昊 张洋[2] 范兵强 张贺东 郑诗礼[2] 邹兴[1] FAN Jiahao;ZHANG Yang;FAN Binqiang;ZHANG Hedong;ZHENG Shili;ZOU Xing(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science&Technology Beijing,Beijing 100084,China;National Engineering Research Center for Green Recycling of Strategic Metal Resources,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100084 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所战略金属资源绿色循环利用国家工程研究中心,北京100190

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第1期488-496,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1900505)。

摘　　要：湿法冶金、三元前体制备等过程均会产生含硫酸钠与硫酸铵的高盐废水。研究高盐废水中硫酸铵的结晶动力学,并考察常见金属离子的影响规律对高盐废水处理具有重要意义。本文以含硫酸钠与硫酸铵混合溶液中硫酸铵的结晶过程为例,系统考察了硫酸铵的结晶动力学及铁、铝、锰、铬对硫酸铵结晶的影响规律。含硫酸钠与硫酸铵混合溶液硫酸铵结晶动力学研究结果表明,硫酸铵生长速率和成核速率方程分别为为B=1.303×10^(-16)G^(1.069)M_(T)^(1.801),G=15.708σ^(1.387);在硫酸钠与硫酸铵混合体系中,溶液过饱和度影响硫酸铵成核及生长速率,溶液过饱和度减小,晶体的成核及生长速率都会减小,与单体系硫酸铵结晶动力学结果相比,动力学参数均有所下降。铁、铝、锰、铬对硫酸铵结晶的影响规律研究结果表明,铁、铝抑制了硫酸铵晶面生长,结晶粒度减小;锰、铬对硫酸铵结晶有一定的促进作用,结晶粒度增大。金属离子改变了硫酸铵晶习,锰使结晶呈现三棱柱状,铁、铝使硫酸铵结晶片状生长。不同金属离子条件下的结晶动力学方程表明,铁和铝对结晶成核过程作用更为显著,锰和铬可以促进硫酸铵生长过程。Processes such as hydrometallurgy and ternary precursor preparation will produce high-salt wastewater containing sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate.It is of great significance to study the crystallization kinetics of ammonium sulfate in high-salt wastewater and investigate the influence of common metal ions for the treatment of high-salt wastewater.Taking the crystallization process of ammonium sulfate in a mixed solution containing sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate as an example,the crystallization kinetics of ammonium sulfate and the influence of ferrum,aluminum,manganese and chromium on the crystallization of ammonium sulfate were systematically investigated.The results of the crystallization kinetics of ammonium sulfate in the mixed solution containing sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate showed that the nucleation rate and growth rate equations of ammonium sulfate were:B=1.303×10^(-16)G^(1.069)M_(T)^(1.801)and G=15.708σ^(1.387).In the mixed system of sodium sulfate and ammonium sulfate,the supersaturation of the solution affected the nucleation and growth rate of ammonium sulfate.With the decrease of saturation,the nucleation and growth rate of crystals would decrease.Compared with the results of single-system ammonium sulfate crystallization kinetics,the kinetic parameters all decreased.The research results of the effect of ferrum,aluminum,manganese and chromium on the crystallization of ammonium sulfate indicated that ferrum and aluminum inhibited the growth of ammonium sulfate crystal planes and reduced the crystal size,while manganese and chromium can promote the crystallization of ammonium sulfate and increase the crystal size.Metal ions changed the crystal habit of ammonium sulfate.Manganese made the crystal appear triangular prism,while ferrum and aluminum made the ammonium sulfate crystal grow in flakes.The kinetic equations of crystallization under the conditions of different metal ions showed that ferrum and aluminum had more significant effects on the crystallization nucleation process,while m

关 键 词：硫酸铵 金属离子 结晶 动力学 

分 类 号：TQ113.7[化学工程—无机化工]