直流电压下绝缘子附近纤维的吸附运动行为及其对表面电荷积聚的影响  

Adsorption Motion Behavior of Fibers near Insulators Under DC Voltage and Its Influence on Surface Charge Accumulation

作　　者：王健[1] 平安[1] 刘人郢 肖若凡 郭瑞 李庆民[1] WANG Jian;PING An;LIU Renying;XIAO Ruofan;GUO Rui;LI Qingmin(School of Electrical and Electronic,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第12期4697-4706,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52177140,51807060)。

摘　　要：从近几年交流气体绝缘隔离开关(gas insulated switchgear,GIS)现场运行情况发现,纤维也可引起设备绝缘故障,而直流单极性场下,纤维的带电更为充分,运动也将更为活跃,且和绝缘子表面电荷有着强烈的交互作用。为此通过搭建半封闭式同轴圆柱电极实验平台,研究了直流电压下纤维在电极上充电效应,以及在盆式绝缘子附近吸附运动特性,最后使用粉尘图法,分析了纤维附着状态下对绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响程度。研究结果表明,纤维由充电效应在启举过程中表现时滞特性,并实验验证了纤维充电特性。纤维起跳后在气隙中呈往复摆动向上的吸附运动特性,当纤维长度较长或离绝缘子较远时,起跳后的径向速度较小,且由于受到地电极静电吸附的影响运动高度很低,从而被吸附于绝缘子中下部表面;相反,纤维起跳后径向速度大,首次与绝缘子表面碰撞时攀升或被反弹,最终吸附于绝缘子中上部表面。通过粉尘图得出纤维附着状态下长期耐压后,将呈现“伞状”电荷分布,且与高压电极接触时,电荷分布范围广且积聚量最多;与地电极接触时次之;附着于绝缘子中间部位时最小。From the field operation of AC GIS in recent years,it is found that fiber can also cause equipment insulation failure.Under DC unipolar field,the charging of fiber is more sufficient,the movement will be more active,and there is a strong interaction with the surface charge of insulator.In this paper,by building a semi-enclosed coaxial cylindrical electrode experimental platform,the charging effect of fibers on the electrode under DC voltage and the adsorption motion characteristics near the basin insulator are studied.Finally,the dust figure method is used to analyze the degree of influence on the surface charge accumulation of the insulator under the fiber attachment state.The results of the study show that the fiber exhibits time-lag characteristics due to the charging effect,and the charging characteristics of the fiber are verified experimentally.After the fiber lifts,it presents oscillating upward adsorption motion in the air gap.When the fiber length is long or it is far away from the insulator,the radial velocity after lifts is small,so the movement height is very low due to the influence of the electrostatic adsorption of the ground electrode,and then attach to the upper part of the insulation.On the contrary,the radial velocity after the fiber lifts is large,and it is attached to the lower part of the insulation.When it collides with the surface of the insulator for the first time,it climbs or bounces,and is finally adsorbed on the upper surface of the insulator.According to the dust map,after the long-term withstand voltage in the attached state of the fiber,it will show an"umbrella"charge distribution.When the fiber is in contact with the high-voltage electrode,the charge distribution is wide and the accumulation is the largest;the second is in contact with the ground electrode;it is the smallest when it is attached to the middle part of the insulator.

关 键 词：直流气体绝缘装备 纤维 充电效应 吸附运动特性 表面电荷积聚 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]