基于场路耦合方法的100kV脉冲变压器设计与磁饱和特性  

Design of a 100 kV Pulse Transformer Based on Field-circuit Coupling Method and Its Magnetic Saturation Characteristics Research

作　　者：江进波 王佳栋 程廷强 方春华 刘俊[3] 何孟兵[3] JIANG Jinbo;WANG Jiadong;CHENG Tingqiang;FANG Chunhua;LIU Jun;HE Mengbing(Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Power Transmission Line,Yichang 443002,China;College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省输电线路工程技术研究中心,宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学电气与新能源学院,宜昌443002 [3]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第12期4893-4903,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51707105);强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLIPR2008)。

摘　　要：脉冲变压器结构简单,输出脉冲参数方便可调,能重频运行,在脉冲功率技术领域中应用广泛。通过理论计算以及电路仿真模拟设计脉冲变压器,电路模型中没能考虑磁芯在脉冲条件下的磁化过程,因此这种仿真设计方法不能准确预测脉冲变压器的输出波形。为此在建立磁芯J-A模型的基础上构建脉冲变压器的电磁场模型并耦合其外围电路可以实现脉冲变压器输出波形的精确模拟。采用场路耦合方法,设计了一台应用于直线变压器驱动源(fast linear transformer drive,FLTD)气体开关触发器的100 kV脉冲变压器,通过仿真与实验测试结果可知,脉冲变压器初级电容电压过高时,磁芯存在磁饱和问题,输出脉冲第一峰值波形发生改变。这种场路耦合计算方法能精确模拟磁芯饱和对电压波形的影响,脉冲幅值和前沿的误差均<10%,可指导脉冲变压器的工程设计。脉冲变压器输出脉冲经三电极气体开关陡化后幅值为108.5 kV,前沿为6 ns,陡度为14.3 kV/ns,能够稳定工作且已应用于FLTD气体开关测试平台。The pulse transformer has a simple structure,convenient and adjustable output pulse parameters,and can operate at repeated frequencies,which is widely used in the field of pulsed power technology.Through theoretical calculations and circuit simulation to design pulse transformers,the circuit model does not consider the magnetization process of the core under pulse conditions,so this simulation design method cannot accurately predict the output waveform of the pulse transformer.In this paper,the electromagnetic field model of the pulse transformer is constructed on the basis of the core J-A model and coupled with its peripheral circuit to achieve an accurate simulation of the output waveform of the pulse transformer.Using this method,a 100 kV pulse transformer for fast linear transformer driver(FLTD)gas switch trigger was designed.The simulation and experimental test results show that when the voltage of the primary capacitor of the pulse transformer is high enough,the magnetic core has a problem with magnetic saturation and the first peak waveform of the output pulse changes.This field-circuit coupling method can accurately simulate the influence of magnetic core saturation on the voltage waveform,and the errors of pulse amplitude and pulse rise time are both<10%.Then the pulse transformer output waveform is sharpened by a three-electrode gas switch,and the amplitude is 108.5 kV,the pulse rise time is 6 ns,and the steepness is 14.3 kV/ns,which can work stably and has been applied to the FLTD gas switch test platform.

关 键 词：脉冲变压器 场路耦合仿真 FLTD气体开关触发器 脉冲幅值 脉冲前沿 

分 类 号：TM417[电气工程—电器]