湿法炼锌协同处置富氧顶吹炼铅烟尘分离回收镉的生产实践  

Production practice of separation and recovery of cadmium from oxygen-enriched top-blow lead smelting dust by zinc hydrometallurgy

作　　者：陈春林 戴兴征 魏昶[1] CHEN Chun-lin;DAI Xing zheng;WEI Chang(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co.Ltd.,Qujing 655011,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南曲靖655011

出　　处：《矿冶》2023年第1期60-64,83,共6页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51964031);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1900402)。

摘　　要：针对富氧顶吹炼铅工艺铅烟尘中镉不断富集的难题,为充分发挥铅锌冶炼联合工艺流程的优势,利用湿法炼锌中的浸出工序实现烟尘中镉与铅的分离,再采用锌粉置换、净化,实现镉的分离和回收。结果表明:在初始硫酸浓度为20 g/L、液固比4∶1、浸出温度70℃、浸出时间3 h的优化条件下,铅烟尘硫酸浸出段镉浸出率为85.7%;烟尘中铅、银进入浸出渣,可返回铅系统实现铅的回收,浸出液可采用铜渣除,氯控制氯离子浓度小于200 mg/L;除氯后液并入锌冶炼湿法浸出、净化流程回收镉,实现镉的资源化利用,使铅烟尘中镉形成有效开路,整个工艺经济环保、可操作性强。In order to solve the problem of continuous enrichment of cadmium in lead fume in the process of oxygen-rich top blowing lead, the advantages of combined lead-zinc smelting process were fully displayed.The leaching process of zinc hydrometallurgy is used to separate cadmium from lead in the dust, and then the replacement and purification of zinc powder is used to realize the separation and recovery of cadmium.The results show that under the optimal conditions of initial sulfuric acid concentration of 20 g/L,liquid-solid ratio of 4∶1,leaching temperature of 70 ℃ and leaching time of 3 h, the cadmium leaching rate is 85.7%.The lead and silver in the dust are leached into the leaching slag and return to the lead system to realize the recovery of lead.The leaching solution uses copper slag to control the concentration of chloride ions less than 200 mg/L,and the dechlorinated solution is integrated into the zinc smelting wet leaching and purification process to recover cadmium and realize the resource utilization of cadmium, so that the cadmium in the lead dust forms an effective open circuit.The whole process is economical, environmentally friendly and highly operable.

关 键 词：富氧顶吹炼铅 湿法炼锌 铅烟尘 镉 综合回收 

分 类 号：TF819.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]