铝电解废旧阴极炭综合利用进展  

Comprehensive Recovery and Utilization of Waste Cathodic Carbon in Aluminum Electrolysis

作　　者：蔡无尘 夏洪应[1,2,3] 张奇 徐英杰 蒋桂玉[1,2,3] CAI Wu-chen;XIA Hong-ying;ZHANG Qi;XU Ying-jie;JIANG Gui-yu(Kunming University of Science and Technology Key Labora tory of Unconventional Metallurgy,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intensification Metallurgy Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming 650093,China;The Key Laboratory of Unconv entional Metallurgy,Ministry of Education,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南省特种冶金重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]非常规冶金教育部重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《矿冶》2023年第1期98-103,共6页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才项目(云发改人事[2019]1096号);云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才计划项目(云人社发[2018]73号)。

摘　　要：铝电解产生的废旧阴极炭块是有毒有害废弃物。阐述了电解铝产生废旧阴极炭块的背景、主要成分及其堆放对环境的影响,并对废旧阴极炭块的回收利用进行了综述。关于废旧阴极炭块的回收与利用的研究主要分为回收废旧阴极炭中的有价值成分和无害化处理废旧阴极炭。阐述了浮选法、高温燃烧法和化学浸出法回收废旧阴极炭中有价物质的基本原理和优缺点,对废旧阴极炭综合利用方向进行了分析,对回收技术的未来发展进行了展望。Waste cathode carbon produced by aluminum electrolysis is a toxic and harmful waste.The background, main components and environmental impact of waste cathode carbon blocks produced by electrolytic aluminum were described, and the recycling of waste cathode carbon blocks was reviewed.The research on the recycling and utilization of waste cathode carbon blocks is mainly divided into recycling valuable components in waste cathode carbon and harmless treatment of waste cathode carbon.The basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of flotation method, high temperature combustion method and chemical leaching method for recovering valuable substances in waste cathode carbon were expounded.The comprehensive utilization direction of waste cathode carbon was analyzed, and the future development of recovery technology was prospected.

关 键 词：电解铝 废旧阴极炭块 碳氟分离 回收利用 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]