基于增强回归树的麦-玉轮作农田蒸散影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors of Evapotranspiration in Wheat-Maize Rotation Field Using Boosting Regression Tree

作　　者：李成 李兆哲 王让会[2] 丁奠元 徐扬[4,5] LI Cheng;LI Zhaozhe;WANG Ranghui;DING Dianyuan;XU Yang(College of Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;College of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics,Ministry of Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学植物保护学院,扬州225009 [2]南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室,南京210044 [3]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,扬州225009 [4]扬州大学农学院,扬州225009 [5]扬州大学植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室,扬州225009

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第1期317-325,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801013、32170636);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20180939);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0507403);江苏省农业气象重点实验室开放项目(JKLAM1802);扬州大学高端人才支持计划项目(2020)。

摘　　要：为探讨华北典型轮作农田蒸散(ET)变化规律,以山东禹城试验站冬小麦-夏玉米(麦-玉)轮作田为研究对象,基于涡度相关技术实测的8年观测数据与增强回归树方法,分析了农田ET逐日变化特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明:研究时段内逐日ET变化范围在0~9.6 mm/d之间,且不同阶段(小麦季、玉米季和农闲期)ET总量存在较大差异。一般而言,每年小麦季ET的峰值和总量均明显高于玉米季,而农闲期ET占全年ET总量的比例不足4%。净辐射是影响麦-玉轮作田不同阶段ET变化的首要因素,对各阶段ET的贡献率由高到低依次为小麦季(81.4%)、玉米季(52.7%)、农闲期(36.8%)。除净辐射外,其他环境因子对ET的影响则具有阶段性差异。饱和水汽压差对小麦季和玉米季ET存在一定的影响,而土壤含水率和风速对农闲期ET的贡献率相对较高。研究可为变化环境下农业水资源高效利用以及作物模型优化等提供科学依据。In order to understand evapotranspiration(ET) of rotation fields in the North China Plain, a typical wheat-maize rotation field at the Yucheng site in Shandong Province was chosen as a case study. The continuous daily flux and meteorological observation data at this site were systematically collected to investigate the changing characteristics of ET and environmental factors from 2003 to 2010. Also the boosted regression tree was used to identify the influencing factors of ET in different growing seasons. The results showed that the ET was ranged from 0 mm/d to 9.6 mm/d, and the peak value of ET in the wheat season was usually higher than that in the maize season. Moreover, annual total value of ET in the wheat season was obviously higher than that in the maize season. As for the non-growing season, ET during this period accounted for less than 4% of annual total ET. The net radiation was an important factor affecting the seasonal changes of ET in different stages in this field. Its relative contribution was in the decreasing order of wheat season(81.4%), maize season(52.7%), and non-growing season(36.8%). In addition to net radiation, the vapour pressure deficit had also a certain impact on ET in different growing seasons, and its relative contribution in the maize season(17.6%) was higher than that in the winter wheat season(5.9%). As for the non-growing season, the relative contribution of soil water content and wind speed was relatively higher, which were 22.5% and 17.0%, respectively. The research result can provide an important reference for formulating reasonable irrigation management and optimizing crop models under a changing environment.

关 键 词：农田蒸散 麦-玉轮作 环境因子 增强回归树 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]