沙漠腹地公路高立式沙障防风阻沙性能研究  

Research on wind and sand resistance performance of high vertical sand barriers in desert hinterland highways

作　　者：杨伟超[1,2] 岳欢 邓锷 YANG Weichao;YUE Huan;DENG E(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Costruction technology,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National Rail Transit Electrification and Aotomation Engineering Technology Research Center(Hongkong Branch),The Hongkong Polytechinc University,Hongkong 999077,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hongkong Polytechinc University,Hongkong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学高速铁路建造技术国家工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075 [3]香港理工大学国家轨道交通电气化与自动化工程技术研究中心香港分中心,中国香港999077 [4]香港理工大学土木与环境工程系,中国香港999077

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第1期178-189,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978670)。

摘　　要：通过沙漠腹地现场实测和Fluent软件数值模拟对沙漠腹地公路高立式沙障防风阻沙性能进行研究。采用Fluent软件建立沙障和路基数值模型,基于欧拉双流体模型和多孔介质理论对高立式沙障和路基周围风沙流的运动进行数值模拟。采用三维超声风速仪测量高立式沙障周围气流速度,为数值模拟结果提供验证。通过数值模拟分析不同沙障高度和沙障数量下风沙流的运动规律,确定沙障高度和数量对高立式沙障防风固沙效果的影响。研究结果表明:气流在沙障迎风侧前方区域减速,沙障周围气流速度快速下降导致气流的携沙运动能力减弱,沙粒在沙障周围沉积。在沙障防护下,路基周围风速降低,路基的风蚀风积危害得到缓解。随着沙障的排数或沙障高度的增加,路基沿程的风速逐渐降低。3排及其以上沙障可以较好地阻挡风沙流的运动。5排沙障防护下,路基的迎风侧坡脚离地高度0.5 m处水平风速从11.05 m/s下降至5.37 m/s,风速的降低率达54.13%。在2.0 m沙障的防护下,路基的迎风坡和背风坡的路肩水平风速比1.5 m沙障的相应值低3~5 m/s,降低率最高达61.79%。The wind and sand resistance performance of the high vertical sand barrier in the desert hinterland was researched through the field measurement in the desert hinterland and the numerical simulation of Fluent software. Numerical models of sand barriers and road were established by Fluent software, and the movement of wind-sand flows around high vertical sand barriers and embankments was numerically simulated based on the Euler two-fluid model and porous-media theory. Two three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometers were used to measure the wind speed around the high vertical sand barriers to provide verification for the numerical simulation results. The influence of sand barrier height and number of sand barriers on the movement law of wind-sand flow was analyzed by numerical simulation. The influences of the height and number of sand barriers on the windbreak and sand fixation effect of high vertical sand barriers were determined. The study finds that the airflow slowed down on the windward side of the sand barrier, forming turbulence and vortices inside the sand barrier. The rapid decrease of wind speed around the sand barrier resulted in the weakening of the airflow movement ability, and the sand particles are deposited around the sand barrier. Under the protection of the sand barrier, the wind speed around the road is reduced. The wind erosion and wind accumulation damage of the road is alleviated. With the increase of the number of sand barriers or the height of sand barriers, the airflow speed along the road gradually decreases. Three rows or more of sand barriers can better block the movement of wind and sand flow. Under the protection of five rows of sand barriers, the horizontal velocity of the airflow at a height of 0.5 m above the ground on the windward side of the road decreased from 11.05 m/s to 5.37 m/s, with a speed reduction rate of 54.13%. Under the protection of the 2.0 m sand barrier, the horizontal airflow velocity of the road shoulder on the windward and leeward slopes of the roadbed is 3~5 m/s l

关 键 词：高立式沙障 风沙流 沙漠腹地公路 防风阻沙性能 

分 类 号：U419.91[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]