低温等离子体灭活微生物气溶胶的效果及影响因素  

Inactivation effect of non-thermal plasma on bioaerosol and its influencing factors

作　　者：杨金月 党小庆[1,2] 李世杰 于欣 王赫 王鹏勇 焦阳 YANG Jinyue;DANG Xiaoqing;LI Shijie;YU Xin;WANG He;WANG Pengyong;JIAO Yang(School of Environment&Municipal Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055 [2]陕西省环境工程重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2022年第12期3984-3992,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0212204);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018ZDCXL-SF-02-04)。

摘　　要：微生物气溶胶相关的突发性疫情时有发生,故研发新型高效的微生物气溶胶灭活技术已引起广泛关注。采用低温等离子体灭活枯草芽孢杆菌气溶胶,对低温等离子体电学特性和光学特性进行测定诊断,并测定活性氧。从细菌可培养性、细胞膜完整性、蛋白质泄露及细胞矿化4个方面分析评估灭活效果,并以杀菌率为指标,研究了外加电压、流速及相对湿度对灭活效果的影响。结果表明,低温等离子体可实现枯草芽孢杆菌气溶胶灭活,灭活效果显著。随着外加电压的增加,灭活效率呈上升趋势。在外加电压为10~13 kV时,对应灭活效率为48%~83%。灭活效率与流速成反比,随着流速的增加,灭活效率减小。流速为11~14 L·min^(-1)时,灭活效率为80%~47%。在不同相对湿度条件下,灭活效率呈先上升后下降的趋势。在RH=40%时,灭活效率达到最大值,为86%。这表明低电压、高流速和高相对湿度不利于微生物气溶胶灭活。本研究结果可为低温等离子体灭活微生物气溶胶技术的应用提供参考。Sudden outbreaks related to bioaerosols occur from time to time,so the development of new and efficient bioaerosols inactivation technology has attracted extensive attention.The purpose of this study was to inactivate the Bacillus subtilis aerosol using non-thermal plasma technology.The electrical and optical characteristics of the non-thermal plasma are measured and diagnosed,and reactive oxygen species are also measured.The inactivation effect is analyzed from the four aspects of bacterial cultivability,cell membrane integrity,protein leakage and cell mineralization.Using the sterilization rate as an indicator,the influence of the applied voltage,flow rate and relative humidity on the inactivation effect is studied.The results show that nonthermal plasma can inactivate the Bacillus subtilis aerosol significantly.The inactivation efficiency increases with the increase of applied voltage.When the applied voltage is 10~13 kV,the inactivation efficiency is 48%~83%.As the velocity of flow increases,the inactivation efficiency decreases.When the flow rate is 11~14 L·min^(-1),the inactivation efficiency is 80%~47%.Under different relative humidity conditions,the inactivation efficiency increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum value of 86%when RH=40%.Therefore,it can be concluded that low voltage,high flow rate and high relative humidity are not conducive to bioaerosol inactivation.

关 键 词：微生物气溶胶灭活 低温等离子体 灭活效果 影响因素 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]