现代程序制度的建构与“失灵”(1978—2012)——基于法官管理制度及理念的考察  

The Construction and Failure of Modern Procedure System in the Period from 1978 to 2012:An Investigation Based on Judicial Idea and System of Selection and Supervision of Judges

作　　者：艾佳慧[1] Ai Jiahui

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2022年第6期79-99,共21页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：改革开放以来,市场经济的内生需求催生了我国程序法治的制度建构,但在2013年重启职业化、专业化的司法改革之前,从域外引进的现代程序制度基本上已经不同程度地失灵,我们需要从既有的法官管理制度入手分析程序失灵的初步原因。进一步,中国诉讼实践同时存在着以实体正义为制度目标的新传统审判模式和以程序正义为主要目标的现代审判模式。虽然两大模式各有制度逻辑、有效条件以及适用的社会背景,但在中国即将迈进超大规模复杂社会的背景下,我们需要重新审视两种司法话语(专业化司法话语与大众化司法话语)和两条司法路线(专家司法路线和人民司法路线)之间的冲突与合作。Since the beginning of the reform and opening up,the endogenous needs of the market economy have given rise to the institutional construction of the procedural rule of law in China,but the modern procedural system introduced from foreign countries had largely failed to varying degrees before the restart of the judicial reform to make the judicial force more professionalized in 2013.We need to firstly analyze the causes for procedural failures by starting from the established system of the selection and supervision of judges.Further,the fact should also be taken into account that Chinese litigation practice is characterized by both a neo-traditional trial model with substantive justice as its institutional goal and a modern trial model with procedural justice as its main goal.Although each of the two models has its own institutional logic,conditions of validity,and social context of application,we need to reexamine the conflict and cooperation between the two judicial discourses(i.e.professionalized judicial discourse and popular judicial discourse) and the two judicial lines(i.e.expert judicial line and people’s judicial line) in the context of China’s marching towards a super-sized complex society.

关 键 词：程序法治 程序失灵 法官管理 司法观 超大规模复杂社会 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]