高性能有机纤维在防弹复合材料领域应用研究现状  

Review of high performance organic fibers in ballistic composite fields

作　　者：董彬 魏汝斌[1] 王小伟[1] 张文婷[1] 李锋[1] 翟文[1] DONG Bin;WEI Rubin;WANG Xiaowei;ZHANG Wenting;LI Feng;ZHAI Wen(China North Industries Group Corporation Institute 53,Jinan 250031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国兵器工业集团第五三研究所,济南250031

出　　处：《复合材料科学与工程》2023年第1期116-123,共8页Composites Science and Engineering

基　　金：山东省济南市“新高校20条”资助项目自主培养创新团队计划(2021GXRC022)。

摘　　要：纤维增强树脂基复合材料在弹道防护领域表现出极大的应用潜能,可显著提升防护装备的防护能力和轻量化水平,已成为各国互相竞争的核心战略材料。纤维增强体的性能对复合材料的抗弹性能起到决定性作用。本文首先简要探讨了纤维复合材料的抗弹吸能机理,分析了纤维力学性能与抗弹性能之间的关系。重点介绍了目前几种弹道防护领域常用高性能有机纤维如对位芳纶纤维、杂环芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑纤维、聚苯撑吡啶并二咪唑纤维等的合成制备、结构特性、物理机械性能、主要优缺点及在弹道防护领域的应用现状,展望了高性能有机纤维在防弹复合材料领域的发展趋势。Fibre reinforced polymer(FRP) composites performed superior potential in bulletproof fields, which could significantly improve the protection capability and lightweight level of protection equipment, and had become the core strategic materials in the competition of various countries. The performance of fibre reinforcements played the crucial role in governing the ballistic performance of FRP composites. In this review, the energy absorption mechanisms of FRP composites during the projectile penetration were briefly discussed. The relationships between the mechanical properties of fibers and the bulletproof ability of FRP composites were also summarized. Nowadays the high performance organic fibers applied in bulletproof fields mainly include para-aramid, heterocyclic aramid, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polybenzoxazole and poly diimidazo pyridinylene(dihydroxy) phenylene. The synthetic process, structural characteristics, mechanical properties, advantages, disadvantages and application status in bulletproof fields of high performance organic fibers were discussed and summarized in detail. Finally, the development tendency of high performance bulletproof organic fibres in the future was put forward.

关 键 词：纤维复合材料 高性能有机纤维 抗弹性能 吸能机理 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]