经典测量平差中基本模型和通用模型的参数估计及相互转换  

Parameter estimation and mutual transformation of basic model and general model inclassical surveying adjustment

作　　者：马下平[1] 杨梅 景慧 贺小星 林超才 MA Xiaping;YANG Mei;JING Hui;HE Xiaoxing;LIN Chaocai(College of Geomatics,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an Shaanxi 710054,China;Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Xixian New Area,Xi′an Shaanxi 712000,China;School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;Rows 247 of Hunan Non-Ferrous Metals Geology Investigation Bureau,Changsha Hunan 410129,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西咸新区自然资源和规划局,陕西西安712000 [3]江西理工大学土木与测绘学院,江西赣州341000 [4]湖南省有色地质勘查局二四七队,湖南长沙410129

出　　处：《北京测绘》2023年第1期110-114,共5页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41904171,42104023,42274039);江西理工大学高层次人才科研启动项目(205200100564)。

摘　　要：对经典平差模型中参数的估计,往往是一种模型进行一次公式推导,为了克服这种推导方法所产生的不必要的麻烦,本文以条件平差和间接平差这两个经典测量平差的基本模型出发,推导了带有参数的条件平差和附有约束条件的间接平差模型的参数估计公式,总结出经典测量平差的通用函数模型,推导出该模型的参数估计公式。利用某一水准网数据,进行了条件平差和间接平差结果一致性的检验。结果表明:经典测量平差模型是通用平差模型的特殊情况,而通用平差模型是经典平差模型的总结和概括。In the past, the estimation of parameters in the classical adjustment model was often a formula derivation of a model. To overcome the unnecessary trouble caused by this derivation method, this paper deduced the parameter estimation formulas of conditional adjustment with parameters and indirect adjustmented model with constraints based on the two basic models of classical measurement adjustment of the conditional adjustment and indirect adjustment, and summarizeds the general function model of classical measurement and derived the parameter estimation formula for the model. Finally, the consistency test of the results of conditional adjustment and indirect adjustment was carried out by using the data of a certain leveling network. The result showed that the classic survey adjustment model was a special case of the general adjustment model, and the general adjustment model was a summary and generalization of the classic adjustment model.

关 键 词：测量平差模型 条件平差 间接平差 通用平差模型 

分 类 号：P207[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]