替代抗生素益生菌的筛选及其抗鸡沙门氏菌感染的研究  

Screening of probiotics as substitute antibiotics and their anti-Salmonella infection in chickens

作　　者：邱宇 刘增琪 吴晓婵 崔红玉[3] 龚建森[4] 王云峰 何高明[1] QIU Yu;LIU Zeng-qi;WU Xiao-chan;CUI Hong-yu;GONG Jian-sen;WANG Yun-feng;HE Gao-ming(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150028,China;Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China;Poultry Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou 225125,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]哈尔滨国生生物科技股份有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [3]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150069 [4]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州225125

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2022年第11期1162-1168,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆兵团重大科技项目计划子项目“新型乳肉兼用牛疫病综合防控体系的建立”(2021AA004);农业农村部都市农业重点实验室开放课题“养殖场生境中大肠杆菌耐药性研究(2019)”。

摘　　要：为筛选能够替代抗生素的益生菌并评估其抗鸡沙门氏菌感染的应用效果,本研究先通过琼脂平板法以标准致病性大肠埃希氏菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌及金黄色葡萄球菌作为指示菌,从15株候选益生菌中筛选具有较强抗菌活性的候选菌株;再以临床分离的10株致病菌为指示菌,通过琼脂平板法从上述5株候选益生菌中筛选抗菌活性最强的益生菌。筛选结果显示,有5株益生菌的抗菌活性较强,分别为L.C332、E.C329、L.C314、L.C311、L.C308,其中唾液乳杆菌L.C332株的抗菌活性最强。将SPF鸡随机分为3组,益生菌组鸡每日饲喂1×10^(9)cfu的L.C332株,同时每日口服感染1×10^(4)cfu的鸡白痢沙门菌C79-1株;感染对照组鸡每日口服感染1×10^(4)cfu鸡白痢沙门菌C79-1株;空白对照(BC)组鸡饲喂基础日粮。感染后每周采血通过平板凝集法检测血清中的鸡白痢抗体效价,4周后剖杀全部鸡,取其肝脏及各肠道内容物,采用沙门氏菌显色培养基培养并经菌落计数统计各组鸡肝脏及肠道中的沙门氏菌属细菌。结果显示:益生菌组鸡抗体阳性率仅10%,感染对照组鸡抗体阳性率达80%;益生菌组鸡肝脏、十二指肠、空肠、回肠及盲肠中的沙门氏菌属细菌含量虽均高于BC组鸡但均极显著低于感染对照组鸡(P<0.001)。上述结果表明,口服唾液乳杆菌L.C332可以有效抑制鸡白痢沙门菌在鸡肝脏及肠道中的定植,阻止其自然感染,且L.C332株在体内外均具有较强的抑菌活性。本研究为新型替代抗生素益生菌的筛选和应用提供参考依据。In this study,we aim to screen out the probiotics that can replace antibiotics and evaluate their application effect against Salmonella infection through several steps.Firstly,the agar-plate method was used to the candidate strains with strong antibacterial activity from 15 candidate probiotics with standard pathogenic Escherichia coli,Salmonella pullorum and Staphylococcus aureus as indicator bacteriat.Then 10 clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria were used as indicator bacteria,and the most active probiotics were selected from the above 5 candidate probiotics by agar-plate method.The screening results showed that there were5 strains of probiotics with strong antibacterial activity,i.e.L.C332,E.C329,L.C314,L.C311 and L.C308,among which L.C32 strain of Lactobacillus salivus had the strongest antibacterial activity.Then,it was applied to animal experiments against Salmonella infection.SPF chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups.The probiotic group which is the first group was fed with 1×10^(9) cfu of L C332 per chicken daily and were orally infected with 1×10^(4) cfu of Salmonella pullorum C79-1 per day.The second group is th infection control group which was orally infected with 1×10^(4) cfu Salmonella pullorum C79-1 per chicken every day.The last blank contro group was fed basal diet.After infection,blood samples were collected weekly to detect the pullorum antibody titer by the plat agglutination method.Four weeks later,all chichens were forced to kill and their liver and intestinal contents were collected.The bacteri of Salmonella in liver and intestinal tract of chickens in each group were cultured with Salmonella chromogenetic medium and counted by colony count.The results have shown that the positive rate of antibodies in the probiotic group was only 10%,and the positive rate o antibodies in the infection control group was 80%.The content of Salmonella bacteria in the liver of the probiotic group wa significantly lower than that of the infection control group (P<0.001).The contents of Salmonella i

关 键 词：益生菌 抗菌 沙门菌感染 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]