酒糟有机肥连续施用对湄潭翠芽茶叶生物效应的影响  

Effects of Continuous Application of Distillers Lee Organic Fertilizer on Biological of Meitancuiya Tea

作　　者：胡伟 张萌[2] 芶久兰[2] 魏全全 龚确 周年敏 王艺 HU Wei;ZHANG Meng;GOU Jiulan;WEI Quanquan;GONG Que;ZHOU Nianmin;WANG Yi(Guizhou Moutai(Group)Circular Economy Industrial Investment and Development Co.,Ltd.,Zunyi 563100,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州茅台酒厂(集团)循环经济产业投资开发有限公司,贵州遵义563100 [2]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《华北农学报》2022年第S01期268-274,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：贵州茅台循环产投成果转化项目(XHFW2020166)。

摘　　要：探究酒糟有机肥对湄潭翠芽茶叶的施用效果,为酒糟有机肥在湄潭翠芽生产中的科学施用和推广应用提供理论依据。采用田间试验研究连续2 a施用酒糟发酵有机肥(不施肥,CK;常规施肥,FP;酒糟有机肥750 kg/hm^(2),JZ1;酒糟有机肥2250 kg/hm^(2),JZ2;酒糟有机肥3750 kg/hm^(2),JZ3;酒糟有机肥9000 kg/hm^(2),JZ4)对茶叶产量、产量构成、品质和养分积累的影响。结果表明:与FP处理相比,施用酒糟有机肥使鲜茶产量提高了2.58%~7.52%(2020年)和0.67%~11.92%(2021年),干茶产量提高了5.18%~13.90%(2020年)和4.21%~19.62%(2021年),以JZ3处理产量最优;酒糟有机肥提高了茶叶的芽密度和百芽质量,而且使茶叶中氨基酸含量提高了2.35%~12.60%(2021年),并且降低了茶叶中的酚氨比,有利于改善茶叶品质;与FP处理相比,施用酒糟有机肥的施用还提高了茶叶的氮、磷、钾素养分积累综合来看,施用酒糟有机肥能够实现湄潭翠芽茶叶增产提质,可推荐酒糟有机肥2250~3750 kg/hm^(2)作为湄潭翠芽茶叶冬季基肥的最适施用量。This pepper was to study the effects of distillers lee organic fertilizer on green Meitancuiya tea,so as to provide theoretical basis for the scientific application and popularization of distillers lee organic fertilizer.A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of distillers lee organic fertilizer(CK:no fertilizer;FP:farmers practice;JZ1:distillers lee organic fertilizer of 750 kg/ha;JZ2:distillers lee organic fertilizer of 2250 kg/ha;JZ3:distillers lee organic fertilizer of 3750 kg/ha;JZ4:distillers lee organic fertilizer of 9000 kg/ha)on the yield,yield composition,quality and nutrient accumulation of tea.The results showed that the application of distillers lee organic fertilizer increased the yield of fresh tea by 2.58%-7.52%(2020)and 0.67%-11.92%(2021),the yield of dry tea increased by 5.18%-13.90%(2020)and 4.21%-19.62%(2021)compared to the FP treatment,with the highest yield in the JZ3 treatment.Application of distillers lee organic fertilizer increased the bud density and 100-bud weight of green tea,and also increased the amino acid content of green tea by 2.35%-12.60%(2021),and reduced the phenol-ammonia ratio,which was beneficial to improving the quality of green tea.Compared with the FP treatment,the application of distillers lee organic fertilizer increased the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The application of distillers lee organic fertilizer can increase the yield and quality of Meitancuiya tea,and 2250-3750 kg/ha can be recommended as the optimal application rate of distillers lee organic fertilizer for green tea cultivation and planting in Meitancuiya tea.

关 键 词：绿茶 酒糟有机肥 产量 品质 养分积累 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]