玉米茎腐病生防菌哈茨木霉CCTH-2鉴定及其生物学特性  

Identification of Trichoderma harzianum CCTH-2 and Its Biological Characteristics,a Biocontrol Fungi Against Corn Stalk Rot

作　　者：佟昀铮 于汇琳 潘洪玉[1] 王迎春 TONG Yunzheng;YU Huilin;PAN Hongyu;WANG Yingchun(Lab of Integrated Pest Management of College of Plant Science,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Shengli Park of Changchun City,Changchun 130062,China;Institute of Plant Protection of Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Province,Baicheng 137000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学植物科学学院,有害生物综合防治实验室,吉林长春130062 [2]长春市胜利公园,吉林长春130062 [3]吉林省白城市农业科学院植物所,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《华北农学报》2022年第S01期309-317,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201802);吉林省科技厅科技攻关项目(20190301063NY)。

摘　　要：玉米茎腐病(CSR)对玉米产量和品质危害巨大。为尽快展开玉米茎腐病的有效防治,将吉林省玉米茎腐病的优势致病菌禾谷镰孢,与14株从玉米根际土壤中分离得到木霉菌株分别进行平板对峙试验。观察木霉对禾谷镰孢的抑制作用,筛选得到抑制效果较好的菌株CCTH-2和CCTH-6。复筛通过这2株木霉的发酵液、易挥发性代谢产物、难挥发性代谢产物对禾谷镰孢的抑制效果和对其他病原真菌的抑制效果,最终筛选到一株具有良好防效的木霉菌株CCTH-2;CCTH-2经过形态学和分子生物学鉴定显示,为哈茨木霉,并对其生物学特性进行初步研究。结果表明,平板对峙培养条件下CCTH-2对禾谷镰孢抑制率为82.83%,其发酵液、易挥发代谢物和难挥发代谢物对禾谷镰孢的抑制率为36.56%,46.75%,32.48%,具有显著抑制效果。生物学特性试验显示,CCTH-2菌落生长和产孢的最适培养基为PDA,最适温度为25℃,最适光照条件为全光照,外源添加Fe^(2+)有利于CCTH-2的生长发育,并且CCTH-2具有一定的适应环境酸碱度和盐含量变化的能力。因此,可以确认哈茨木霉CCTH-2是一株有着良好防效且潜力巨大的生防菌。Corn stalk rot is harmful to yield and quality of corn,so effective control of corn stalk rot should be carried out as soon as possible.For Fusarium graminearum,the dominant strains of corn stalk rot in Jilin Province,and fourteen Trichoderma sp.strains were isolated from corn rhizosphere soil were subjected to plate confrontation experiment respectively.By observing the inhibitory effect of Trichoderma sp.strains on Fusarium graminearum,the strains of CCTH-2 and CCTH-6 with better inhibitory effect could be screed.The inhibition of Fusarium graminearum by fermentation broth,volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites of these two Trichoderma sp.strains were screened again,and inhibitory effect of these two Trichoderma sp.strains on other pathogens.Finally,Trichoderma sp.strain CCTH-2 with good control effect was screened by comprehensive analysis.Morphological and molecular identification showed Trichoderma harzianum,and its biological characteristics were preliminarily studied.The results showed that the inhibition rate of CCTH-2 against Fusarium graminearum was 82.83%under culture conditions of slab face-off method and the fermentation broth,volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites of CCTH-2 against Fusarium graminearum was 36.56%,46.75%,32.48%,showed significant inhibition effect.The biological characteristics test showed that PDA was the optimal medium for the growth and sporulation of CCTH-2 colonies,the optimal temperature was 25℃,the optimal illunination condition was total illumination,exogenous addition of Fe 2+was beneficial to the growth and development of CCTH-2,and CCTH-2 had the ability to adapt to the changes of pH value and salt contene.Therefore,it could be confirmed that Trichoderma harzianum CCTH-2 was a biocontrol bacterium with good control effect and great potential,providing information guarantee and theoretical basis for the subsequent development and utilization of biocontrol bacteria of corn stalk rot.

关 键 词：玉米茎腐病 禾谷镰孢 哈茨木霉CCTH-2 生防菌株 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]