超空泡射弹头锥外形对阻力及空化特性的影响  

Influence of supercavitating projectiles′nose on resistance and cavitation characteristics

作　　者：魏平 王首发 严文荣 于鑫[1] WEI Ping;WANG Shou-fa;YAN Wen-rong;YU Xin(College of Weaponry Engineering,Naval Univ.of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学兵器工程学院,武汉430033 [2]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2022年第6期84-89,95,共7页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

摘　　要：为了获得超空泡射弹头锥外形对阻力及空化特性的影响规律,针对圆台形、倒锥形、圆柱形和沉窝形四种头锥形状超空泡射弹的流体动力学特性和空化特性进行了研究。基于Euler多相流模型和SST湍流模型建立了三维通气空化流场的数值模型,依托高速水洞试验室在通气空化条件下搭建了测试系统,分别开展了数值模拟研究和水洞试验研究。两种方法所得结论吻合,均显示:四种头锥的阻力特性和空化特性有所不同;以迎流面为参考,沉窝形头锥阻力系数最大,圆台形头锥阻力系数次之,倒锥形头锥阻力系数最小;空泡尺度与头锥的迎面阻力正相关,且沉窝形头锥生成空泡最为稳定。In order to obtain the resistance and cavitation characteristic of different shapes of superca-vitating projectiles′nose,the hydrodynamic and cavitation characteristic of four kinds of projectiles′noses,including the circular truncated cone,inverted cone,cylinder and spherical pit,were studied.The numerical simulation method and water tunnel experiment method were both used.Three-dimensional numerical model of ventilated cavitation was built based on the Euler multiphase model and SST turbulence model,and ventilated cavitation experimental system was established relying on the high speed water tunnel.The results of numerical and experimental method both show that the four kinds of projectiles′noses behave differently in drag and cavitation characteristics;that regarding facing flow surface as reference,noses with spherical pit has the maxmium drag coefficient,followed by noses of circular truncated cone,the minimum one being the noses of inverted cone;that there is a positive correlation between supercavity′s dimension and the resistance acting on facing flow surface,and that the supercavity generated by noses with spherical pit is the most stable one among the four projectiles′noses.

关 键 词：超空泡射弹 数值模拟 水洞试验 通气空化 

分 类 号：O351.2[理学—流体力学]