油浸式配电变压器动态热模型分析及其试验验证  

Analysis and Test Verification of Dynamic Thermal Model of Oil-immersed Distribution Transformer

作　　者：李欢[1] 刘云鹏[1] 王佳雪 张文琦 隋月艺 范晓舟[1] LI Huan;LIU Yunpeng;WANG Jiaxue;ZHANG Wenqi;SUI Yueyi;FAN Xiaozhou(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Security Defense(North China Electric Power University),Baoding 071003,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省输变电设备安全防御重点实验室(华北电力大学),河北省保定市071003

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第1期389-398,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划资助项目(19212110D)。

摘　　要：油浸式配电变压器作为电力系统的重要组成部分,其热点温度和内部温度分布对于预测负荷水平和负载潜力非常关键。为了研究配变运行中的温度变化规律,该文结合自然对流的物理原理,研究绕组散热量与绕组温度、绝缘油温度之间的关系,建立其动态热模型,提出新的内部油道温度计算方法。在此基础上,推演配变冷启动的过程,根据绕组传热过程中的不同特征,将配变冷启动过程划分为传导期、对流期以及准稳态期3个阶段。研制一台内置分布式传感光纤的35kV油浸式变压器,通过分布式光纤温度传感技术,获得运行过程中绕组全长的温度分布及绕组各点的温度变化规律。通过对数据的分析,发现准稳态下油温–绕组温度组合存在确定的函数关系,由此提出基于散热片温度的绕组热点温度和温度分布计算模型,通过这一模型估计绕组热点温度与实测值误差在6%以内。Oil-immersed distribution transformer is an important part of the power system, and its hot spot temperature and internal temperature distribution are of great significance for predicting the load level of the transformer. To study the temperature change pattern of the distribution transformer in operation, this paper combines the physical principle of natural convection to study the relationship between the winding heat dissipation and the winding temperature and the temperature of the insulating oil, establishes its dynamic thermal model, and proposes a new calculation method for the temperature of the internal oil passage. According to the different characteristics of the winding heat transfer process, the distribution transformer cold start process is divided into three stages: conduction period, convection period, and quasi-steady-state period. A 35kV oil-immersed transformer with built-in distributed sensing optical fiber is developed. Through DTS technology, the temperature distribution of the entire winding and the temperature change pattern of each point of the winding during the operation are obtained. Through the analysis of the data, the conclusion that the oil-winding temperature combination has a definite functional relationship under the quasi-steady state of the winding is obtained, and a calculation model of the winding hot spot temperature and temperature distribution based on the radiator temperature is proposed. Through this model, the error between the hot spot temperature of the winding and the measured value is estimated to be within 6%.

关 键 词：配电变压器 自然对流 分布式光纤温度传感 热点温度 动态热模型 

分 类 号：TM411[电气工程—电器]