大豆质核互作雄性不育系JLCMS9A花药败育的细胞形态学特征研究  

Cell Morphological Characteristics Study on Anther Abortion of Soybean Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Sterile Line JLCMS9A

作　　者：曹霞 周磊 王晓东[1] 王春雷 于静辉 于华荣[1] 唐艳梅 崔天宇 CAO Xia;ZHOU Lei;WANG Xiao-dong;WANG Chun-lei;YU Jing-hui;YU Hua-rong;TANG Yan-mei;CUI Tian-yu(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028024,China;Tongliao Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tongliao 028000,China;Tongliao Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Tongliao 028000,China;Inner Mongolia Linxi County Bureau of Agri-pastoral,Chifeng 025250,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028024 [2]通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]通辽市农业技术推广中心,内蒙古通辽028000 [4]内蒙古赤峰市林西县农牧局,内蒙古赤峰025250

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第6期672-678,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2021LHMS03010);内蒙古民族大学博士科研启动基金(BS514);国家民委科尔沁沙地开放课题(MDK2021084,MDK2022029)。

摘　　要：为了从细胞形态学角度明确大豆质核互作雄性不育系JLCMS9A花粉败育的发生时期和原因,以质核互作雄性不育系JLCMS9A为试验材料,保持系JLCMS9B为对照材料,采用FAA液固定法、苯酚品红压片法和石蜡切片法,分别对花器官形态、小孢子及花药形态进行显微镜观察,分析其花器官和小孢子发育过程中形态及细胞学特征的变异。结果显示:保持系JLCMS9B与不育系JLCMS9A的花粉管长度、柱头、花柱总长、花粉大小及柱头表面积的差异达到显著水平,JLCMS9A的花器官各部位较JLCMS9B小或者短;在花粉减数分裂过程中,不育系JLCMS9A在减数第二次分裂末期发生异常分裂,形成三分体而非正常的四分体;而从花药的石蜡切片观察到JLCMS9A在造孢期不能进行正常的四分体联会,伴随绒毡层提前降解,未形成正常的花粉壁,小孢子出现畸形,形成空瘪内陷无活力的花粉,最终导致败育。结果说明大豆质核互作雄性不育系JLCMS9A花粉败育发生在花芽期,主要由绒毡层提前降解导致。In order to explore the occurrence time and reason of pollen abortion of cytoplasmic-nuclear sterile line JLCMS9 A of soybean[Glycine max(L.)Merrill]from cyto-morphological perspective,we used the cytoplasmic-nuclear sterile line JLCMS9 A as the test material,and the maintainer line JLCMS9 B as control material.In the study,we took FAA solution fixing,phenol fuchsin tableting and paraffin sections method to observe morphology of flower organ,microspores and anther,we also analyzed the variation of the morphology and cytological features of flower organs and microspores in their development process.The results showed that there was a significant difference between JLCMS9 A and JLCMS9 B in pollen tube length,total of stigma and style,pollen size and stigma surface.Each part of floral organ of the sterile line JLCMS9 A was smaller or shorter than the maintainer line JLCMS9 B.At the meiosis stage of the pollen mother,it showed a normal split of JLCMS9 A at the end of the second meiotic division and formed a trichotomy instead of a tetrad,but paraffin section of anthers showed that the JLCMS9 A enabled to perform normal tetrad syndication in the spore-making phase,with the early degradation of the tapetum,normal pollen walls were not formed,and the microspores were deformed,resulting in the formation of hollow,invaginated and inactive pollen,which eventually led to abortion.The result indicated the pollen abortion of cytoplasmic-nuclear sterile line JLCMS9 A of soybean was occurred at bud stage which due to the premature degradation of the tapetum.

关 键 词：大豆 质核互作雄性不育系 JLCMS9A 细胞形态 减数分裂 绒毡层 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]