新疆维吾尔族学前教师国家通用语言语音特征抽样研究  

A Sampling Study on Phonetic Features of Xinjiang Uygur Preschool Teachers’National Common Language

作　　者：贾媛[1] 李彬[2] JIA Yuan;LI Bin

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102488

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2022年第4期36-48,共13页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“面向新疆义务教育的语言资源数据库建设及应用研究”(20&ZD294)的资助。

摘　　要：学前是语言学习的关键期。学前教师的国家通用语言能力,对学前儿童的语言学习和发展具有深远的影响。本研究对新疆南疆地区学前维吾尔族教师的国家通用语言进行抽样调查,采用声学语音学的研究方法,通过构建较大规模语音库,探究其声调和连读变调的发音特征,以期为他们提升国家通用语言语音准确度提供参考。实验结果显示,调查对象在单字调、双字调和三字调中均存在发音问题。具体而言,在单字调中主要表现为轻声的发音问题,在双字调中容易出现“上声”和“阳平”的混淆,在三字调中主要是中字“阳平”和连续“上声”容易出现问题,其中“民考民”教师的发音问题明显高于“民考汉”教师。The preschool stage is a critical period for language learning.In Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,national common language education begins at the preschool stage.The national common language ability of preschool teachers has a profound influence on the language learning and development of preschool children.This paper conducts a sample survey of the national common language of preschool Uyghur teachers in the southern Xinjiang region.By adopting the method of acoustic phonetics and constructing a large-scale phonetic database,it explores the pronunciation characteristics of their tones and continuous tone sandhi,providing references for improvement of their phonetic accuracy.The results show that the preschool teachers have different pronunciation problems with single-character tones,double-character tones and three-character tones.Specifically,the pronunciation problems with single characters are mainly manifested in neural tones,while in the two-character group,“shangsheng”and“yangping”are easily confused.In the three-character group,the pronunciation problems occur mainly in“yangping”and continuous“shangsheng”.Among them,the pronunciation problems of teachers who used Chinese in their college entrance exams are significantly higher than those of teachers who used minority languages in their college entrance exams.

关 键 词：新疆 学前教师 国家通用语言 语言特征分析 语音学 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]