太原市环境空气污染对大学生呼出气一氧化氮的影响——定群研究  

Associations Between Ambient Air Pollution and Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels Among Young Healthy College Students in Taiyuan——a Panel Study

作　　者：王晟春 张泽斐 Norbäck Dan 张昕 WANG Shengchun;ZHANG Zefei;NORBÄCK Dan;ZHANG Xin(Institute of Environmental Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Department of Medical Sciences,Occupational and Environmental Medicine,Uppsala University,Uppsala SE-751,Sweden)

机构地区：[1]山西大学环境科学研究所,山西太原030006 [2]乌普萨拉大学医学院职业与环境医学系,瑞典乌普萨拉SE-751

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期1665-1674,共10页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81861138005);山西省重点研发计划(201803D31021);山西省第九期“百人计划”引进人才项目。

摘　　要：目前关于环境空气污染-健康效应的研究越来越引起人们的关注,然而现有研究主要集中在儿童和罹患呼吸道疾病患者等敏感人群。由于暴露人群、暴露水平和暴露时间的差异,环境空气污染对不同人群的健康效应有较大差异,明确环境空气污染对健康成年人呼吸系统的影响对于疾病的早期预防和治疗具有重要的科学意义。本研究在山西省太原市某大学内招募健康年轻大学生59人,于2014年9月至12月以及2015年1月和4月分别对其进行6次随访,并测定呼出气一氧化氮(fractional exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)浓度。同时记录距校园最近的国控空气监测站随访至7天前每日PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、O_(3)以及CO浓度值,采用线性混合效应模型分析环境空气污染物与Fe NO水平之间的关联。结果显示:6次随访期,研究对象Fe NO体积分数平均值为(18.8±8.7)×10^(-9),环境空气污染物PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、O_(3)和CO浓度均值分别是191.5μg/m^(3)、106.0μg/m^(3)、158.5μg/m^(3)、34.0μg/m^(3)、35.1μg/m^(3)和1.83 mg/m^(3)。SO_(2)、NO_(2)和O_(3)短期暴露与健康成年人的气道炎症增加相关,而CO暴露与气道炎症减弱相关。在对性别进行分层分析后,男性的Fe NO水平受到更多环境空气污染物的影响。At present,most of the studies regarding health effects of ambient air pollutants have tended to focus on susceptible population groups,such as children and patients with respiratory diseases.However,few studies investigated the associations between ambient air pollution and Fe NO levels among healthy adults.Due to the differences in the exposed population,exposure level and exposure time,the effects of ambient air pollution on residents are also different.It is important to dissect the effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory health among healthy adults for the early prevention and control of diseases.This longitudinal panel study was performed in a university,which located in the southern urban area of Taiyuan,China.For all 59 participants,6-times follow-up were arranged from September to December 2014 and in January and April of the year 2015.In each follow-up,the Fe NO levels were measured at the same time of the day.Daily average concentration of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),O_(3)and CO were obtained from a nearest national fixed-site monitoring station,which was closed to the participant campus.The sampling time was 7 consecutive days(24 h/d)prior to Fe NO testing.Linear mixed-effect models were applied to analyze the associations between Fe NO levels with ambient air pollutants.Results showed that the mean of Fe NO levels(volume fraction)was(18.8±8.7)×10^(-9).During the whole follow-up period,the average concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),O_(3)and CO were 191.5μg/m^(3),106.0μg/m^(3),158.5μg/m^(3),34.0μg/m^(3),35.1μg/m^(3)and 1.83 mg/m^(3),respectively.SO_(2),NO_(2)and O_(3)were consistently associated with increased Fe NO levels,but a negative association was found between CO and Fe NO levels.After dividing the data into men and women,we observed that men were more susceptible to ambient air pollutants.

关 键 词：二氧化氮 臭氧 健康大学生 呼出气一氧化氮 定群研究 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]