基于能值生态足迹模型的跨区域草原生态补奖机制研究——以内蒙古自治区牧业盟市为例  

Research on Cross-regional Grassland Ecological Compensation and Reward Mechanism Based on Emergy Ecological Footprint Model——Evidence from Husbandry Leagues and Cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

作　　者：邓汉琨 张心灵[1] 范文娟[1] 刘宇晨[1] DENG Hankun;ZHANG Xinling;FAN Wenjuan;LIU Yuchen(School of Economics and Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学经济管理学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《林业经济》2022年第12期5-23,共19页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“牧区振兴战略下完善草原生态补偿机制研究”(编号:19BJY043)。

摘　　要：草原生态补偿的关键在于界定生态服务的上游供给方和下游受益方,并根据各区域提供的生态服务量建立差异性补偿标准,以提高草原生态补偿机制的实施效果。文章基于内蒙古自治区10个牧业盟市2010-2020年统计数据,采用能值生态足迹模型测算内蒙古各区域草原生态系统服务价值和草原生态外溢价值,再以草原生态外溢价值为依据,对内蒙古自治区草原生态补奖财政资金在不同牧业盟市之间进行重新分配,构建跨区域草原生态补偿机制。研究结果表明:(1)近10年来草原生态服务价值和草原生态外溢价值稳居前4位的盟市分别为锡林郭勒盟、呼伦贝尔市、鄂尔多斯市和乌兰察布市,平均每年生态外溢价值依次为7.69×10^(24)太阳能焦耳、3.92×10^(24)太阳能焦耳、2.54×10^(24)太阳能焦耳和2.20×10^(24)太阳能焦耳,其他盟市的草原生态外溢价值的排名不断波动;(2)内蒙古东部地区呼伦贝尔市、中部地区锡林郭勒盟和乌兰察布市以及西部地区鄂尔多斯市长期处于补偿赤字状态,两轮补偿资金总赤字分别为11.33亿元、4.75亿元、2.48亿元和5.24亿元;而东部地区通辽市和赤峰市以及西部地区巴彦淖尔市和阿拉善盟长期处于补偿盈余状态,两轮补偿资金总盈余分别为2.99亿元、3.93亿元、1.84亿元和7.27亿元。文章提出在新一轮补偿标准设定时,应适当降低补偿盈余地区的补偿资金,向补偿赤字地区转移,进一步提升赤字地区的补偿标准。根据不同地区的生态服务价值供给量建立区域差异性生态补偿标准,不仅能够有效规避生态补偿标准“一刀切”问题,还可以有效提升补偿资金使用效率及政策激励效果。The crux of grassland ecological compensation is to define the upstream supplier and the downstream beneficiary of ecological services,and establish differential compensation standards according to the ecological services provided by each region to improve the implementation effects of the grassland ecological compensation mechanism.Based on the statistical data of 10 husbandry leagues and cities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region form 2010 to 2020,the emergy ecological footprint model was used to calculate the values of the grassland ecosystem services and the grassland ecological spillover.The grassland ecological supplementary funds were redistributed among different husbandry leagues and cities to build a cross-regional grassland ecological compensation mechanism.The research results showed that:(1)In the past ten years,the values of grassland ecological services and grassland ecological spillover in the top 4 were the Xilinguole League,Hulunbeier City,Erdos City and Wulanchabu City,with the average values of ecological spillover were7.69×10^(24)sej,3.92×10^(24)sej,2.54×10^(24)sej,and 2.20×10^(24)sej,respectively.And the ranking of grassland ecological spillover in the remaining leagues and cities fluctuated constantly.(2)Hulunbeier City in eastern Inner Mongolia,Xilinguole League and Wulanchabu City in central region,and Erdos City in western region were in long-term compensation deficit.The two rounds of compensation funds were CNY 1132.83million,CNY 474.33 million,CNY 247.99 million,and CNY 524.22 million.However,Tongliao City and Chifeng City in eastern region,as well as Bayannaoer City and Alashan League in western region were in long-term compensation surplus.The total surplus of two rounds of compensation funds were CNY 299.57 million,CNY 392.98 million,CNY 184.37 million,and CNY 726.81 million,respectively.The article proposes that when the new round of compensation standards are set,the compensation funds in the compensation surplus areas should be appropriately reduced and transferred to the de

关 键 词：草原生态补奖政策 跨区域生态补偿 能值生态足迹模型 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]