比例原则视域下数字公共图书馆著作权限制问题研究  

Research on the Copyright Limitation of Digital Public Libraries from the Perspective of the Principle of Proportionality

作　　者：李元华 Li Yuanhua(School of Law,Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《图书馆杂志》2022年第12期12-21,共10页Library Journal

基　　金：中南大学研究生科研创新项目“湖南省文化和旅游融合发展的体制机制研究”(项目编号:2020zzts008)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：数字公共图书馆本应为宪法赋予公民的受教育权及文化发展权提供行权路径,但相关法律修订后却并未使其摆脱频繁的侵权诉讼,并且其运作机制的最终利益流向大都指向了数据库商。现有理论界的纾困路径以及实践破局手段皆带有强烈的功能主义立场,缺乏有效的方法论作为论据支撑,当前图书馆仍面临着“侵权指控+数字化转型+单向公益性+社会任务”等四重局限。比例原则具有本体论和方法论双重含义,可同时分别用于对著作权法和对著作权的限制,故可以比例原则为统领性原则,以合理使用为核心准则,辅以技术措施、空窗期设置、惩罚性赔偿等进行制度建构,搭建双向公益为要求的三段式限制布局,以期数字公共图书馆可以在私权限制、权利保障以及社会教化之间谋求衡平。The digital public library is supposed to provide a path for citizens to exercise their rights to education and cultural development as entrusted by the constitution,but the revision of relevant laws did not make them free from frequent infringement lawsuits,and the ultimate interest flow of its operating mechanism mostly points to the database provider.Existing theoretical bailouts and practical solutions all have a strong functionalist stance,and lack effective methodology as an argument support.Currently,libraries are still facing“infringement accusations+digital transformation+one-way public welfare+social tasks”–a quadruple limitation.The principle of proportionality has dual meanings of ontology and methodology,and can be used for copyright law and copyright restrictions at the same time.Therefore,the principle of proportionality can be used as the overarching principle,with fair use as the core principle,supplemented by technical measures,setting of blank window periods,punitive damages,and other institutional construction,so that a three-stage restriction layout with two-way public welfare as the requirement can be built for the digital public library to strike a balance between private rights restriction,rights protection and social education.

关 键 词：数字公共图书馆 比例原则 著作权限制 方法论 双向公益 

分 类 号：G258.2[文化科学—图书馆学] D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]