阳江地区无偿献血者RhD阴性血型筛查结果及稀有血型数据库建立意义分析  

RhD Negative Blood Group Screening Results of Unpaid Blood Donorsin Yangjiang Area and the Significance of Establishing Rare BloodGroup Database

作　　者：林月红 陈红梅 董彩燕 林春红 Lin Yuehong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Yangjiang Central Blood Station,Yangjiang 529500)

机构地区：[1]阳江市中心血站检验科,广东阳江529500

出　　处：《黑龙江医药》2023年第1期44-47,共4页Heilongjiang Medicine journal

基　　金：阳江市卫生健康局科技计划项目(项目编号:2021033)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨阳江地区无偿献血者RhD阴性血型筛查结果及稀有血型数据库建立意义。方法:选择2018年1月至2022年6月阳江地区血站采集的10000例无偿献血者血液标本行RhD血型鉴定,建立RhD阴性血型无偿献血者资料库,所有采集的RhD阴性血型均采用深低温技术保存。并创造信息化管理系统对资料库进行定期更新与维护,统计各年度RhD阴性血型临床应用情况。结果:经血液初筛与后续验证发现,10000名无偿献血者中58名为RhD阴性献血者,占0.58%。其中A型血12例,占20.69%;B型血19例,占32.76%;O型血14例,占24.14%;AB型血8例,占13.79%;AmB、Bs、B(A)型血各1例,均占1.72%;类孟买B型血2例,占3.45%。2018—2022年血站数据库建立后无偿献血者向临床RhD阴性受血者共提供血液1171U(11.71%)。2018—2022年RhD临床用血占比分别为8.97%、9.49%、10.97%、13.07%、15.16%,总体呈现逐年升高趋势( P <0.05)。 结论: RhD阴性血型数据库的建立可为临床提供Rh表型抗原表型相吻合的献血者血液,降低不良事件风险,保障临床输血需求与治疗效果。Objective:To explore the RhD negative blood group screening results of unpaid blood donors in Yangjiang area and the significance of establishing a rare blood group database.Methods:The blood samples of 10000 unpaid blood donors collected from blood stations in Yangjiang area from January 2018 to June 2022 were selected for RhD blood group identification,and a database of unpaid blood donors with RhD negative blood group was established.All the blood groups collected with RhD negative blood group were stored by cryogenic technology.And created an information management system to update and maintain the database regularly,and counted the clinical application of RhD negative blood group in each year.Results:The preliminary blood screening and follow-up verification showed that 58 of the 10000 unpaid blood donors were RhD negative blood donors,accounting for 0.58%.Among them,12 cases were type A,accounting for 20.69%.19 patients with type B blood,accounting for 32.76%;14 cases with blood type O(24.14%);There were 8 cases with type AB blood,accounting for 13.79%;AmB,Bs and B(A)were 1 case each,accounting for 1.72%.There were 2 cases of Bombay type B blood,accounting for 3.45%.After the establishment of the blood bank database in 2018—2022,a total of 1171U(11.71%)of blood was provided by unpaid blood donors to clinical RhD negative blood recipients.From 2018 to 2022,the proportion of RhD clinical blood was 8.97%,9.49%,10.97%,13.07%and 15.16%,respectively,showing an overall increasing trend year by year(P<0.05).Conclusion:The establishment of RhD negative blood group database can provide blood donors with RH-phenotype consistent with the antigen phenotype,reduce the risk of adverse events,and ensure the clinical transfusion demand and therapeutic effect.

关 键 词：无偿献血者 RHD阴性血型 稀有血型 数据库 临床应用 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]