“一带一路”与中国女工的南南迁移——以埃塞俄比亚中资工业园中国女工为例  

Chinese Female Workers in Ethiopia:A Case Study of South-South Migration under the Belt and Road Initiative

作　　者：黄岩[1] 王笑娴 麦靖仪 HUANG Yan;WANG Xiao-xian;MAI Jing-yi(School of Public Administration/Guangdong Center for Social Security Studies,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学公共管理学院/广东社会保障研究中心,广东广州510641

出　　处：《华侨华人历史研究》2023年第1期55-65,共11页Journal of Overseas Chinese History Studies

基　　金：教育部重大攻关项目“一带一路沿线国家劳动政策与我国产业结构调整研究”(17JZD019);国家社科基金项目“产业转移背景下企业劳动体制变迁与工人权利保护研究”(17BSH146)之阶段性成果。

摘　　要：论文基于对埃塞俄比亚中国女工的观察与访谈,探讨了女性劳工“南南迁移”的行动逻辑和在地实践,并在既有迁移研究的基础上,建立社会文化层面的解释框架,探讨女工舍近求远选择跨国务工背后的决策动因,揭示女工自我赋权的实现方式及其遇到的掣肘。在中国女工的迁移决策中,经济考量并不一定占主导地位,女工们同样渴望冒险历程和自我赋权,她们在跨国流动中追寻自我肯定,借助外派工作来挑战父权制,打破阶层壁垒,对抗资本力量。跨国务工实践对于中国女工重塑主体认同以及提升其家庭地位和社会地位颇有裨益,但其具有脆弱性,一方面女工被迫面临拆分型劳动体制造成的母职缺位困境,另一方面她们遭受着不平等的性别意识形态和工厂等级制度所带来的沉重压力。Under the Belt and Road Initiative,an increasing number of manufactures have moved from China’s southeastern region and relocated into other developing countries.Along with them are many Chinese workers,in particular female laborers.In some cases,these Chinese women may be considered as economic migrants seeking financial betterment.In other cases,Chinese women’s decision-making is primarily driven by individuals’adventurous spirit for self-empowerment,which may enable them to challenge the patriarchal social order in China.International migration has no doubt helped improve many Chinese female workers’socioeconomic status,but the costs that they have paid are not negligible.On the one hand,their absence from home may mean a significant loss of maternal care to children.On the other hand,gender inequality and the according hierarchical system operated at a Chinese workplace,even in Africa,may still pressure these Chinese women.

关 键 词：埃塞俄比亚 中资企业 中国女工 跨国流动 一带一路 

分 类 号：D523.8[政治法律—政治学]