Key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents in China  

作　　者：Jun Duan Shushuai Mao Pinhua Xie Jianlei Lang Ang Li Jingjing Tong Min Qin Jin Xu Zeya Shen 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,HFIPS,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China [2]Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control,Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China [3]School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China [4]CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China [5]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [6]Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2023年第1期235-254,共20页环境科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC0209900);Beijing Nova Program from Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z201100006820098);the Youth Science and Technology Talents Support Program(2020)by Anhui Association for Science and Technology(No.RCTJ202002)。

摘　　要：Abrupt air pollution accidents can endanger people’s health and destroy the local ecological environment.The appropriate emergency response can minimize the harmful effects of accidents and protect people’s lives and property.This paper provides an overview of the key emergency response technologies for abrupt air pollution accidents around the globe with emphasis on the major achievements that China has obtained in recent years.With decades of effort,China has made significant progress in emergency monitoring technologies and equipment,source estimation technologies,pollutant dispersion simulation technologies and others.Many effective domestic emergency monitoring instruments(e.g.,portable DOAS/FT-IR systems,portable FID/PID systems,portable GC-MS systems,scanning imaging remote sensing systems,and emergency monitoring vehicles)had been developed which can meet the demands for routine emergency response activities.A monitoring layout technique combining air dispersion simulation,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,and a post-optimality analysis was proposed to identify the optimal monitoring layout scheme under the constraints of limited monitoring resources.Multiple source estimation technologies,including the forward method and the inversion method,have been established and evaluated under various scenarios.Multi-scale dynamic pollution dispersion simulation systems with high temporal and spatial resolution were further developed.A comprehensive emergency response platform integrating database support,source estimation,monitoring schemes,fast monitoring of pollutants,pollution predictions and risk assessment was developed based on the technical idea of"source identification-model simulation-environmental monitoring"dynamic interactive feedback.It is expected that the emergency response capability for abrupt air pollution accidents will gradually improve in China.

关 键 词：Air pollution accidents Emergency response Emergency monitoring Source estimation Pollutant dispersion simulation 

分 类 号：X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52