钩吻生物碱对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响  

Effects of Gelsemium elegans Alkaloids on Growth Performance in Weaned Piglets

作　　者：王立莉 宋诗雨 曹宇航 伍蓉蓉 彭雄 苗超 孙志良[1] 伍勇[1] WANG Li-li;SONG Shi-yu;CAO Yu-hang;WU Rong-rong;PENG Xiong;MIAO Chao;SUN Zhi-liang;WU Yong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Lvheng Shiyuan Animal Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Shaoshan 411300,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物医学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南绿亨世源动物药业有限公司,湖南韶山411300

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第1期136-143,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师资助项目(2020-43);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(15B114)。

摘　　要：为了研究日粮中添加钩吻生物碱对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态,以及对腹泻仔猪治疗效果的影响,本试验选取64头健康仔猪和32头腹泻仔猪,各随机分成4个组。对照组饲喂未添加钩吻生物碱的基础饲粮;剂量组分别在基础饲粮中添加25 mg/(kg·bw)(低剂量)、50 mg/(kg·bw)(中剂量)、100 mg/(kg·bw)(高剂量)的钩吻生物碱,健康仔猪喂养28 d,腹泻仔猪喂养7 d。试验结束后,对于健康仔猪,统计平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G),计算仔猪各段肠道长度与肠道全长的比值,以及小肠重、大肠重分别与肠道总重、体重的比值,测量各肠段的圆周、管壁厚度,观察肠道组织形态测定肌层厚度、绒毛高度(V)、隐窝深度(C),并计算V/C;对于腹泻仔猪,测定每天的腹泻指数和腹泻率。结果显示:在健康仔猪日粮中添加钩吻生物碱可提高其ADG、降低F/G(P<0.05);与对照组相比,剂量组十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度均显著增加(P<0.05),绒毛整齐、密集,且高剂量组的空肠隐窝深度、十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)也显著增加(P<0.05);而各组间仔猪各段肠道长度占肠道全长的比值,小肠重、大肠重分别与肠道总重、体重的比值,各肠段的圆周、管壁厚度均未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。腹泻仔猪使用钩吻生物碱后第4~6天,腹泻率和腹泻指数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结果表明,钩吻生物碱虽不能增加仔猪小肠在整个肠道的长度占比,但能促进小肠绒毛发育,并能提高断奶仔猪的抗腹泻能力,促进断奶仔猪的生长。In order to investigate the effects of basal diet supplemented with Gelsemium elegans(G.elegans)alkaloids on growth performance,intestinal morphology and therapeutic efficacy of weaned piglets with diarrhea,this study selected 64 healthy piglets and 32 diarrhea piglets and randomly assigned into four groups.Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the G.elegans alkaloids low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 25,50 or 100 mg/(kg·bw)G.elegans alkaloids,respectively.Healthy piglets were fed for 28 days and diarrhea piglets for 7 days.After the experiment,the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed/gain ratio(F/G)of healthy piglets were calculated.The ratio of intestinal length of each segment to total intestinal length,small intestinal weight and large intestinal weight to total intestinal weight and body weight were calculated.The circumference and tube wall thickness of each intestinal segment were measured.The daily diarrhea index and diarrhea rate of piglets with diarrhea were analyzed.The results showed that basal diet supplemented with G.elegans alkaloid increased the ADG and decreased the F/G(P<0.05);the villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in the dose groups was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the villi were neat and dense.Compared with the control group,the crypt depth of jejunum and the ratio of duodenal villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in high-dose group were also significantly increased(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the ratio of intestinal length of each segment to total intestinal length,the ratio of small intestinal weight and large intestinal weight to total intestinal weight,and body weight among the dose groups and the control group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the circumference and tube wall thickness of each intestinal segment of piglets among the dose groups and the control group(P>0.05).The diarrhea rate and diarrhea index of diarrhea piglet

关 键 词：钩吻生物碱 断奶仔猪 生长性能 肠道形态 腹泻 

分 类 号：S853.7[农业科学—临床兽医学]