把控世界政治“拐点”:美国国家安全战略的调整  

Managing an Inflection Point: The Adjustment of U.S. National Security Strategy

作　　者：赵明昊 Zhao Minghao

机构地区：[1]复旦大学美国研究中心 [2]复旦大学一带一路及全球治理研究院

出　　处：《美国研究》2022年第6期58-77,6,共21页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“百年变局下全球化进路与人类命运共同体构建研究”(项目编号:21&ZD172);复旦大学亚洲研究中心项目的成果。

摘　　要：拜登政府执政后,从把控世界政治“拐点”的考量出发,对美国国家安全战略进行了重要调整,其核心目标是采取更加精巧的方式深化大国竞争,将推进美国国内政策议程、提升美国自身长期竞争力与美国的对外战略深入结合,在应对跨国性挑战的进程中增强美国的国际领导力,同时打造针对中国等对手的新的战略优势。美国还借助所谓“民主与专制较量”的叙事,实施现实主义的价值观外交,将意识形态因素与经济、技术、安全等领域的大国竞争紧密挂钩。为扩展针对中国的多边阵营,拜登政府注重拉拢中东、非洲、拉美等地区的“非民主国家”。然而,美国的国家安全战略调整面临一系列深刻挑战,如政策连贯性受限、资金投入不足、美国和盟友存在利益冲突等。尤其是,美国国内政治极化的僵局与美国的全球领导地位之间存在着显著的张力。The Biden administration has adjusted U. S. national security strategy with an aim to manage the inflection point of world politics. It seeks to advance the great power competition,with a combination of enhancing America’s competitive edge by pushing forward domestic reforms and strengthening the international leadership of America by tackling transnational challenges. The Biden administration conducts value-based diplomacy and integrates ideological factors with the great power competition in the fields of economy,technology,and security. In order to build up a multilateral coalition against China and other rivals,America realizes the importance of engaging with the non-democratic countries in the Middle East,Africa and Latin America. The Biden administration faces a series of challenges in reshaping U. S. national security strategy,including the lack of policy consistency,shortage of financial resources,and divergent interests between America and its allies and partners. The domestic political polarization in America significantly constrains the exercise of its international leadership.

关 键 词：美国军事与外交 2022中期选举 国家安全战略 拜登政府 价值观外交 大国竞争 中美关系 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]