比较视野下的美好生活愿景:一种发展政治学的思考  

Visioning the Concept of Good Life from a Comparative Perspective:A Reflection Based on Development Politics

作　　者：林红[1] LIN Hong(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院政治学系

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2023年第1期157-169,共13页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“民族主义与民粹主义的当代趋势及其挑战研究”(19BZZ041)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美好生活是一种信念性的理想目标,也是一种实践性的激进议程,不同生产方式和生产力条件下的人们有着不同的理解和追求。美好生活的本质是普世相通的,人们相信美好生活意味着摆脱物质匮乏的绝对贫困、克服经济不平等的相对贫困,获得温饱、尊严和自由的普遍保障,实现可持续的普遍发展。21世纪以来,在后工业化的欧洲、漫长转型中的拉美和刚刚步入小康社会的中国,出现了全民基本收入、共享型社会、共同富裕等三种关于美好生活的本土构想,均强调超越纯经济增长的、生态主义的和以人为中心的全面发展。但是,由于制度环境不同,发展理念与发展选择不同,国家的角色与能力各有差异,最终得以实践的机会并不一样。美好生活的追求既是民众的普遍愿望,更是国家的目标与使命。以人为中心的全面发展和国家尽其伦理与治理职责,是美好生活从愿景到现实的必经之途。Is the concept of good life an ideal goal based on one’s belief or a radical agenda in practice?People under different modes of production and different conditions of productivity have different understandings.It seems that the essence of the concept of good life is universal.For instance,people believe that a good life means the elimination of poverty caused by material deprivation,overcoming relative poverty due to economic inequality,being able to obtain food,clothing,dignity,and freedom as general needs,and achieving a sustainable,complete development.Since the beginning of the 21st Century,three different understandings on the concept of good life have been formed in post-industrial Europe,Latin America,and China;they are universal basic income,shared society,and common prosperity,respectively.These three understandings favor a kind of complete development that goes beyond economic growth and emphasizes the people and ecology.Nevertheless,opportunities to achieve a good life vary because their due institutional environments,developmental concepts and choices,their governmental roles and capabilities are different.The pursuit of a good life is a good wish of common people,it is also the goal and mission of a government.The development focusing on the people and the fulfillment of the ethical and governing responsibilities of the government are the main paths to achieve a good life.

关 键 词：美好生活 全民基本收入 共享型社会 共同富裕 高质量发展 

分 类 号：D50[政治法律—政治学]