双模式变间隙磁流变阻尼器研究  

Dual-mode variable clearance MR damper

作　　者：董小闵[1] 邓雄 王陶 李鑫 晏茂森 DONG Xiaomin;DENG Xiong;WANG Tao;LI Xin;YAN Maosen(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第3期129-138,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075056);中央高校基本科研业务费(2018CDXYJX0019);重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB19009)。

摘　　要：直升机飞行过程中座椅系统主要处于隔振工况,阻尼器隔振行程小且持续输出较小的阻尼力,而直升机遇突发状况坠机时属于抗坠毁工况,阻尼器需在缓冲行程内保持力值平衡,且提供大阻尼大行程。针对隔振和抗坠毁双模式工况对阻尼器设计要求存在矛盾的问题,提出了一种能同时满足直升机座椅隔振和抗坠毁的双模式变间隙磁流变阻尼器(magnetorheological damper, MRD)结构。为验证结构的有效性,建立了变间隙磁流变阻尼器的力学模型,并在不同乘员质量、不同冲击速度下对变间隙磁流变阻尼器进行拓扑形面优化;基于拓扑形面优化结果,完成了变间隙磁流变阻尼器样机的加工、装配和测试。数值仿真和双模式特性实验表明,变间隙磁流变阻尼器的抗坠毁单元能在所选冲击工况下均能输出平稳、稳定可控的库伦阻尼力,同时其隔振单元具有良好的动态范围,最大阻尼力和动态范围均满足设计要求。During helicopter flighting, its seat system is mainly in vibration isolation condition. Vibration isolation stroke of damper is small and damper continuously outputs smaller damping force. However, when a helicopter meets risk of crash in an emergency situation, it is under anti-crash working condition. The damper needs to keep its force value balanced within buffer stroke and provide large damping and large stroke. Here, aiming at contradiction between damper design requirements of vibration isolation and crashworthiness dual-mode working conditions, a dual-mode variable clearance magnetorheological damper(MRD) structure simultaneously meeting requirements of vibration isolation and crashworthiness of helicopter seats was proposed. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed variable clearance MRD structure, its mechanical model was established, and its topological shape and surface were optimized under different occupant weights and impact velocities. Based on topological shape and surface optimization results, machining, assembly and testing of the prototype of variable clearance MRD were completed. Numerical simulation and dual-mode characteristics tests showed that the anti-crash unit of the proposed variable clearance MRD can output steady, stable and controllable Coulomb damping force under the chosen impact conditions;its vibration isolation unit has a good dynamic range, both the maximum damping force and its dynamic range meet design requirements.

关 键 词：直升机座椅 磁流变阻尼器(MRD) 隔振 抗坠毁 拓扑优化 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]